Root: ر س ل |
|
Root: ع ص م |
|
|
|
|
|
Root: ط غ ى |
|
|
|
Root: ھ و د |
|
|
|
|
Root: ح ز ن |
Ayah 5:67 is one of those segments of the Divine Discourse which was most erroneously translated and the perception was distorted in interpretations by naively ignoring all the basic academic rules and principles of reading, translating and interpreting a source text. The pioneer English translators had rendered it in these words:
George Sale: O apostle, publish the whole of that which hath been sent down unto thee from thy Lord: For if thou do not, thou dost not in effect publish any part thereof; and God will defend thee against wicked men; for God directeth not the unbelieving people.
John Medows Rodwel: O Apostle! proclaim all that hath been sent down to thee from thy Lord: for if thou do it not, thou hast not proclaimed His message at all. And God will protect thee from evil men: verily, God guideth not the unbelievers.
Later translators more or less borrowed their translation, not only in English, but also Urdu translators. One example may suffice:
Tahir ul Qadri |
اے (برگزیدہ) رسول! جو کچھ آپ کی طرف آپ کے رب کی جانب سے نازل کیا گیا ہے (وہ سارا لوگوں کو) پہنچا دیجئے، اور اگر آپ نے (ایسا) نہ کیا تو آپ نے اس (ربّ) کا پیغام پہنچایا ہی نہیں، اور اﷲ (مخالف) لوگوں سے آپ (کی جان) کی (خود) حفاظت فرمائے گا۔ بیشک اﷲ کافروں کو راہِ ہدایت نہیں دکھاتا |
This is a compound word.
يَآ
Vocative Particle-اداة نداء , to call and address
a person +
Noun, in accusative state, peculiar
persons who are being called-attention is being sought-confronted.
[اسم مبنى على الضم فى محل نصب لأنه منادى]
+ Attention particle
[الهاء للتنبيه].
:
Apposition
[بدل] to
. Noun: Definite; singular; masculine;
nominative; the Messenger, the addressee Muhammad
[Sal'lallaa'hoalaih'wa'salam].
Verbal sentence: Verb:
Imperative; Second Person;
Singular; Masculine; [Form-II]; Subject pronoun
[أَنْتَ] hidden; مصدر-تَبْلِيغٌ
Verbal noun. It stems from Root:
ب ل غ. Ibn Faris [died
1005] stated
that ''its
basic signification is of arrival, access towards the specific object,
point when it has arrived to it''. Its equivalent semantic frame in
English is Arriving which is defined; ''An object Theme moves
in the direction of a Goal.
The Goal may
be expressed or it may be understood from context, but its is always implied by
the verb itself.''
The verb is of Form-II which represents two shifts in the meaning from Form-I. First shift is causative and the other is to intensify the meanings of Form-I Verb. It has added meanings of Gradation: It means that the action occurs progressively in stages. The choice of this verb was in line with the manner of serial descent and communication of Qur’ān to the elevated Messenger and thereby progressively conveying it to people.
Relative pronoun. It is the direct object of preceding imperative verb.
It refers to that which the Messenger had to make reach - arrive to the people
of the Mother City - Mecca and lands/cities around her. The Goal - here the
audience - the people for whom the Divine Message is intended are not mentioned
but are implied by the verb itself.
Verbal
sentence: Perfect; third person; singular;
masculine; Passive;
[Form-IV]; [هُوَ]
Proxy Subject/Ergative hidden; مصدر-اِنْزَالٌ Verbal noun.
This Verbal sentence is the Linkage clause (الجملة
صلة الموصول) for the Relative Pronoun.
Prepositional
Phrase. Preposition + Suffixed Pronoun: Second Person; singular;
masculine, genitive state, referent to addressee, the Messenger. It
syntactically relates to preceding Passive verb (متعلقان
بأنزل).
:
It is a Prepositional Phrase coupled with Possessive Phrase. Syntactically, it
relates (متعلقان بمحذوف
حال)
to the elided Circumstantial Clause. General rules of Circumstantial clause
are that the
حال
Circumstance can describe the state of the
subject, the object, or even both and together
حال and
ذو
الحال will form a phrasal
structure. Circumstantial expression often express nuances of purpose or
finality. A circumstantial clause describes the manner, circumstances, or conditions
under which the main clause occurs. Thereby, it signifies that whatever had been
compositely sent by the point in time of address, as well as the manner of its
easy to understand composition, by his Sustainer Lord was ordered to be made
reach to the people by him.
:
[اِستئنافية] Recommencing particle:
It is a discourse coordinator that signals the speaker's identification of an
upcoming unit which is coordinate in structure to prior unit. It is a sentence
starter.
Negative/Jussive Particle. It is used to negate the past tense events.
:
Verbal sentence:
Verb of condition: Imperfect; Second person; singular; masculine; Mood:
Jussive by Negative Jussive Particle; Subject pronoun hidden; مصدر-فَعْلٌ
Verbal noun. It stems from Root:
ف ع ل which denotes an activity, action done
for the first time.
This conditional sentence relates to a first time activity not done in the past. ''If you had not initially done ----''. The aforementioned Translators naively converted the past tense event in the futuristic sense.
Prefixed
Conjunction فَ
indicating cause and effect, and introduces apodosis clause + Negation Particle.
Verbal
sentence: Verb: Perfect; Second Person; Singular; Masculine;
[Form-II]; تَ Subject pronoun, nominative
state; مصدر-تَبْلِيغٌ
Verbal noun.
Possessive Phrase: Noun: Definite; singular; feminine; accusative
+ Suffixed possessive pronoun: Third person; singular; masculine,
genitive state. It is the direct object of preceding verb.
It is thus evident that both the sentences are independent of each other. The first sentence is imperative relating to present and future time frame while the second sentence is about an activity initiated in the past and its affect also relates to past. The second sentence seems more in the nature of parenthetical comment, appreciating the initiative of making reach the Message in writing to people outside the city Mecca.
The third sentence of Ayah relates to progressive activity commanded therein.
:
[اِستئنافية] Recommencing particle
Allah: Proper Noun: Nominative.
It is the Subject of Nominal sentence.
Verbal sentence: Verb: Imperfect; Third person; singular;
masculine; Mood: Indicative; Subject pronoun hidden; Suffixed Object
Pronoun: Second person; singular; masculine, accusative state; مصدر عَصْمَةٌ Verbal Noun.
The imperfect indicative mood verb does not restrict itself to any idea of time; it indicates enduring existence, begun and incomplete, either in past, present or future time. It indicates an act which does not take place at any one particular time to the exclusion of any other point in time, but which takes place all the time, or rather in speaking of which no notice is taken of time, but only of duration. In English grammar, we call it "the indefinite present". A verb in the indefinite aspect is used when the beginning or ending of an action, an event, or condition is unknown or unimportant to the meaning of the sentence. The indefinite aspect is also used to indicate an habitual or repeated action, event, or condition.
It stems from Root: ع ص م. Ibn Faris [died 1005] stated that it leads to the perception of grasping, hold; and fortify, protect, prevent; and association, companionship. The need for assuring safeguarding and protection arises when there is apprehension and threat of offensive response to some ongoing act of the person being ensured which he is asked to continue.
Recurrences:
[Similar pronouncement in
2:264;9:37]
Recurrence:
(1)2:62(2)2:218(3)2:277(4)4:137(5)5:69(6)8:72(7)10:09(8)11:23(9)18:30(10)18:107(11)19:96(12)22:17(13)31:08(14)41:08(15)85:11(16)98:07=16
:
(1)2:38(2)5:69(3)6:48(4)7:35(5)46:13=5
:
(1)2:38(2)2:62(3)2:112(4)2:262(5)2:274(6)2:277(7)3:170(8)5:69(9)6:48(10)7:35(11)10:62(12)39:61(13)46:13=13
عرا ب القرآن Syntactic Analysis
2 |
|
بدل |
4 |
مفعول به |
6 |
|
متعلقان بأنزل |
7 |
متعلقان بمحذوف حال |
9 |
10 |
11 |
13 |
|
16 |
17 |
لفظ الجلالة مرفوع للتعظيم بالضمة |
مبتدأ |
19 |
|
20 |
|
21 |
حرف المشبهة بالفعل ينصب الاسم ويرفع الخبر، ويفيد التوكيد |
22 |
|
23 |
25 |
|
26 |
اسم فاعل:معرفہ باللام- منصوب-جمع سالم مذكر |
1879 |
2 |
حرف نداء + اسم جمع: منصوب مذكر |
3 |
|
5 |
6 |
|
7 |
|
9 |
|
10 |
11 |
|
12 |
13 |
16 |
18 |
20 |
|
21 |
جار و مجرور = حرف جر + -ضمير متصل مبنى على الضم فى محل جر/جمع مذكر غائب |
22 |
24 |
جار و مجرور = حرف جر+ ضمير متصل في محل جر-واحد مذكر حاضر |
25 |
27 |
|
28 |
29 |
30 |
|
32 |
33 |
|
34 |
|
1913 |
1 |
|
1914 |
2 |
اسم موصول في محل نصب اسم إِنَّ |
4 |
5 |
معطوف على الذين الأولى |
7 |
8 |
اسم فاعل:معرفہ باللام- مرفوع-جمع مذكر |
/الجملة الاسمية معطوفة على جملة إن الذين آمنوامبتدأ |
9 |
10 |
|
معطوف/خبر محذوف |
11 |
مبني على السكون في محل نصب بدل من اسم إن/ويجوز إعرابها شرطية مبتدأ |
13 |
|
متعلقان بالفعل. |
14 |
15 |
|
معطوف |
16 |
|
صفة اليوم |
17 |
19 |
|
مفعول به |
20 |
حرف فَ + حرف نفي/ حرف نهي |
21 |
23 |
24 |
25 |
ضمير منفصل مبني جمع مذكر غائب فى محل رفع |
المبتدأ |