Controversy about Becca and Mecca

It seems strange that some people thought that the House built by Iebra'heim [alai'his'slaam] and Iesma'eile [alai'his'slaam] is not the one which exists in Mecca but it was another one. They opine that it was a different House by referring to the use of Proper Noun Becca, in Qur’ān, which seems to them a site located somewhere in the blessed plains of the holy lands possibly near or at the location where subsequent temples were built and maintained by "Hebrew Prophets".

Grand Qur’ān explicitly explains every fact and its text is par excellence in self-referencing. Both these Proper Nouns are mentioned once, in different contexts; they are neither synonyms nor interchangeable; one is the Town described by masculine gender while the other, referring the City Mecca, is described by feminine gender. I find it very interesting that on whatever point the people were to erroneously conjecture stories with reference to some element of the text of Qur’ān, it is explained equally in detail as an advance rebuttal of such conjectural gossips.

The House of Allah the Exalted was built in the Town then named Becca, now part of city Mecca.

We are informed:   

The possessive phrase: أَوَّلَ بَيْتٍ is the subject noun of verb-like particle: إِنَّ. 

The verbal sentence: وُضِعَ لِلنَّاسِ is [ألجملة صفة لبيت] adjectival description for: بَيْتٍ. The passive verb signifies that it was laid on ground and the prepositional phrase means "for the peoples". 

The Relative pronoun: لَلَّذِي prefixed with emphatic particle is the predicate of verb-like particle: إِنَّ.

The prepositional phrase: بِبَكَّةَ relates to the elided Linkage clause of preceding Relative Pronoun. The explicit mentioning of the linkage clause was not needed since information has already been given about the raising of the House:

A house comprises of four walls, a roof and entrance door with veranda for outflow of water from its roof. It has a covered area determined by the length and width of its walls. It is built on a plot - site, piece of land demarcated by its boundaries. The plot and the dimensions of house are identified and explained to the mason by the owner of the plot and the house to be built. Iebra'heim [alai'his'slaam] was the mason. Was he told such information? Yes:

The name of the valley where this House was built is indicated in the prepositional phrase: بِبَكَّةَ wherein the object noun is Proper Noun, the name of the valley. Inseparable  Preposition:  بـِ  is synonym with "Fee meaning in, within, inside" before a noun signifying place or time. What was the most prominent physical feature of that valley? It is revealed:

The prepositional phrase: بِوَادٍ meaning "in the valley" relates to the preceding verb: أَسْكَنتُ meaning  "I have settled". The following two consecutive possessive phrases: غَيْرِ ذِي زَرْعٍ are the adjectival description of that valley signifying that this valley is unlike - other than a valley which is the possessor - capable of crop cultivation - agriculture. It was a sterile valley.

Is the valley wherein the House of Allah the Exalted is situated in the City of Mecca any different from the valley named Bacca in the days of Iebra'heim [alai'his'slaam] ? No, it is the same till today as it is: غَيْرِ ذِي زَرْعٍ, a fact that can be verified by soil test today. The valley  seems to have merged in the greater city Mecca.

Another characteristic of the Town where the House of Allah the Exalted was built.

Another characteristic feature that was requested by Iebra'heim [alai'his'slaam]; the chief mason of the House of Allah the Exalted, for the piece of land within which the Sacred House was built is revealed as under:

• Further be informed that when Iebra'heim [alai'his'slaam] had requested saying: "My Sustainer Lord! declare this a town that affords peace- law and order, and safety; [refer 2:126];

• Further be informed that when Iebra'heim [alai'his'slaam] had requested saying: "My Sustainer Lord! render this, the Town, securer."  [ref 14:35]

These two sentences on the first sight look identical, but they are not same having variation in two elements. Firstly the name is spelled slightly differently. Another difference is the use of indefinite noun in the first sentence while in the second the same noun is definite by definite article for the Town, geographically a valley. They have a delicate grammatical difference; in the first sentence: بَلَدًا ءامِنًا is an adjectival phrase with first noun as the second object of the preceding verb, while the first object is singular masculine Demonstrative pronoun. In the second sentence the definite noun: الْبَلَدَ is not the second object of verb but is equivalent appositive for the Demonstrative pronoun, and: ءامِنًا the same active participle is second object of the verb.

These two sentences initiate the same real life event. These two sentences are an excellent example of unique literary device used in the Grand Qur’ān which is called: تَصْرِيفٌ made from Root: "ص ر ف". Lane's lexicon describes its basic concept: "signifies The turning, or sending, orputting, a thing away, or back, from its way, or course; the causing it to turn away, or back; there from; the averting it, or repelling it there from:  or the shifting a thing from one state, orcondition, to another;".

This device facilitates the reader to conclusively comprehend a subject, topic and concept by describing it with the help of dichotomous relations; by showing it from different angles, dimensions, and aspects. Dichotomous relations and terms incorporate both closeness and distance and help human cognitive tendency in categorizing experiences with their help.  This device portrays the varieties, or vicissitudes of affairs or events; scope, diametric properties; and possibilities the reader might not have given a thought. It illustrates how and why is it important to observe the other side of same or similar subject or concept and be mindful of possibilities that have not occurred but are probable.

The prayer was acceded to what was intended in the first sentence:

• Further be informed; At the point in time We appointed and declared "The House" as the place of pilgrimage-return-assembly for the people; and as a place of peace- law and order, safety shelter: [refer 2:125]  

What was intended in the second sentence has always been a fact about the Town, then named Bacca, geographically a valley, in the interior of which the "House of Allah the Exalted" was built:

• And by this Town [Valley in Mecca], its attribute is that it is rendered permanently safe and secure:  [95:03]

This oath taking sentence contains masculine nouns and pronouns. Like the use of: هَٰذَا الْبَلَدَ in the prayer of Iebra'heim [alai'his'slaam] here هَٰذَا الْبَلَدِ refers not to the City of Mecca but its well known Town, geographically a valley in the interior of which is the Kaaba. If the intention was to refer to City of Mecca, the pronoun and nouns would have been feminine.

The word used in the prayer is: ءامِنًا an Active Participle: Indefinite; singular; masculine; accusative; [مصدر-أَمْنٌ Verbal noun] and in the adjectival phrase: الْبَلَدِ الْأَمِينِ the adjective: الْأَمِينِ is an Adjective resembling Participle [الصفة المشبهة ]; Definite; Masculine; Singular; genitive; [أمَانَةٌ/أَمْنٌ Verbal noun]. The Adjective resembling participle, or termed as Verbal Adjective, is a noun derived from an intransitive verb in order to signify the one who establishes an action or state with the meaning of permanence. The experts may look into it as to whether the Town/Valley within which the House of Allah the Exalted - Kaaba is located is safe and secure from the Eastern Rift Valley - Fault Line.

This Town/Valley hosting the Sacred House of Allah the Exalted - Kaaba is also the locality where the elevated Last Messenger resided for major part of his corporeal life:

• Nay! I swear by this Town [valley in Mecca], [90:01]

• And you the Messenger [Muhammad Sal'lallaa'hoalaih'wa'salam] are the popular resident of this Town, [90:02]

Here also the Demonstrative Pronoun and definite noun: is singular masculine that refers the Town, not the City Mecca. The residence of the elevated Messenger Muhammad Sal'lallaa'hoalaih'wa'salam in the vicinity of Kaaba remains preserved and is converted into a library. The City of Mecca is mentioned in a different context, referred at another place by using feminine demonstrative pronoun and noun:

Other inner-references about the House built in Becca are the same as for the House in the Town of City Mecca.

Iebra'heim [alai'his'slaam] had stated that he has settled one of his sons: عِندَ بَيْتِكَ الْمُحَرَّمِ "by the side of the sanctified House of Your Majesty". These three words constitute two possessive phrases and the last word: الْمُحَرَّمِ the definite passive participle is the adjectival description of the House of Allah the Exalted. The first inner-reference for the House is: الْمُحَرَّمِ the sanctified - sacred.

• Allah the Exalted has appointed and declared Al-Ka'abata, the Sanctified House, enduringly a place of assembly/stay/congregation for the people;

The adjectival phrase: الْبَيْتَ الْحَرَامَ  is: بدل equivalent appositive for: الْكَعْبَةَ which is the first object of preceding verb. The fact of equivalent appositive is also supported by inner-referencing that both are mentioned twice in the text of Qur’ān. The adjectival phrase is mentioned in 5:02 and 5:97 and proper noun:  الْكَعْبَةَ is mentioned in 5:95 and 5:97.

It is thus explicitly manifest that: الْكَعْبَةَ is the same House of  Allah which was constructed and declared by Iebra'heim [alai'his'slaam] as الْمُحَرَّمِ: that which has been declared sanctified - sacred.

Another particular reference: ءامِنًا for the Town Bacca where the House of Allah the Exalted was built.

Iebra'heim [alai'his'slaam] had prayed for rendering that Town: آمِنًا, which is mentioned twice, firstly رَبِّ اجْعَلْ هَٰذَا بَلَدًا ءامِنًا in 2:126 and second time it is mentioned in ayah 14:35:  رَبِّ اجْعَلْ هَٰذَا الْبَلَدَ ءامِنًا. We find this fact mentioned twice in the time-frame of the days of the revelation of Grand Qur’ān with reference to a group of the residents of Mecca:

Iebra'heim [alai'his'slaam] had prayed: وَارْزُقْهُم مِّنَ الثَّمَرَاتِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَشْكُرُونَ for providing sustenance of fruits to his progeny and posterity settled nearby the sacred House in the Town of Becca. It is then mentioned that all sorts of fruits are coming to the residents of Mecca. It is thus evident that the Town of Becca where the Sacred House of Allah the Exalted, Kaaba was built had become the part of the City Mecca by the time Grand Qur’ān was revealed.

The Sacred House of Allah the Exalted, Kaaba is circumstantially declared permanent, perpetuated.

The Passive Participle: مُبَارَكًا: indefinite; masculine; singular; accusative; [Form III]; Root: ب ر ك   is the circumstantial clause [حال من اسم الموصول] for the Relative Pronoun which is referent for the Sacred House built in the Town Becca. Its Root enfolds the basic perception of anything that became firm, steady, steadfast or fixed; remained, continued or stayed in a place, constantly or perseveringly. It reflects permanence and stability, thereby it results in keeping expanding and developing and becoming more and more prominent and obvious for people.

And the second clause conjunct to it is: وَهُدًى لِّلْعَالَمِينَ which finds mention only once in Qur’ān. It is declared as: هُدًى for humanity for all times to come. This denotes a fixture, a rock, a visible fixed structure that helps find the direction in a state of bewilderment in the vastness of ocean. This is how it assumes, performs and acts as Guide. It guides people to move towards Allah the Exalted, since He the Exalted declares it: بَيْتِيَ  "The House of Mine" [Refer (1)2:125(2)22:26].

Recurrences:

[Same probability in same words in 2:126;24:55;27:40;31:12,23]

إعرا ب القرآن Syntactic Analysis