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Inheritance according to injunctions in Grand Qur'aan
Grand Qur'aan, disapproving patrilineal inheritance, declared daughter not Son as the central theme of Inheritance. It is made incumbent upon death expecting wealthy person to bequeath for the Mother and Father; and nearer relatives. Inheritance is the practice of passing on the property: moveable and immovable assets, debts and obligations upon the death of an individual. We will study the rules, regulations and law of inheritance prescribed in the Grand Qur'aan. 1. Governing Rules and Regulations about Inheritance. The division of Inheritance is based upon:
(a)
(b) 2. Inheritance from parents to off-springs 3. Inheritance from off-spring to parents and siblings: 6. Advises in respect of non-stake holders in inheritance Governing Rules and Regulations about Inheritance 1. Allah the Exalted has informed that a married man and thereby a married woman might be amongst the following categories with regard to progeny:
2. Thereby, a married man or a married woman at the time of his or her death shall be in any of these states mutually exclusive: a). Leaving behind a daughter or daughters: who may be girls and women depending upon the age the parent died. b) Leaving behind a son or sons. c) Leaving behind daughter and a son, or daughters and a son, or daughter/s and sons. d) Leaving behind no progeny. 3. The wealth: moveable and immovable assets have become fascinatingly attractive for sensual excitements and gratifications for the majority of people:
4. This being the ground reality, mere laws and regulations to implement justice in all respects in the case of inheritance and other economic problems is quite a difficult proposition for majority of human beings. Therefore, Allah the Exalted encourages creating a situation wherein justice can be established in such matters by heightening the moral consciousness of man and showing of mercy and kindness to those undergoing tribulations. 5. The rules and guidelines given for sharing the inheritance are aimed at avoiding heartburning, bickering and ill feelings amongst the members of bereaved family. The first decree is:
6.
The striking point to observe is that the:
7.
8.
9. The bereaved progenies will become the Orphans who might be youngsters at the time of death of their Father.
10. These instructions regarding foul play with the inherited property of others are with verbs in Jussive Mood. There are people who usurp the inheritance share of others:
11. The fortunes accruing to various members of the bereaved family could fluctuate depending upon the progenies and blood relatives existing at the time of death of a person leaving assets.
12.
13. The manners for showing open heartedness to non-stake holders at the time of division of inheritance is also prescribed:
14. This is promulgation.
Allah the Exalted has made it public that
plural: three or more are appointed as beneficiaries
for all the deceased to
share inheritance.
Allah the Exalted has not neglected a single person who could suffer injustice, deliberately or inadvertently at the hands of dominants and has given specific directions for them. People can overlook about the persons whom they had voluntarily adopted-taken as their responsibility. For such people a separate clause is inducted in the above promulgation to allocate them their due share.
15. Before we proceed to find the share-part of the wealth determined and inalienably apportioned by Allah the exalted, superseding the Bequest of the deceased made in favour of parents and near relatives, we might capture what is advised here-before in different Ayahs: a) The Progenies of the deceased could be grown up women and men, or be children called father-Orphans. The grown up will get the share straight away while the share of young children will be kept apportioned for delivery on strengthen maturity. b) The inherited wealth should not be the focus of attention, rather the appeasement of all relatives and other visitors should be the primary consideration. They need to be fed with pleasantries and respectfully dealt with. c) Depending upon the progenies, parents and blood relatives surviving at the time of death of a person leaving assets, the fortunes for some may diminish, or might enhance in another situation. d) Allah the Exalted made it incumbent upon the death expecting wealthy person to orally narrate the Bequest to two men of good repute in favour of Father and Mother, and the Near Relatives that includes orphaned grand-progeny. This Bequest does not confer any right upon the bequeathed wealth so long the Person is living. He might have wrongly judged about his death. After his death, the Bequest is superseded by Allah the Exalted to the extent of shares apportioned and inalienably assigned by Him the Exalted in favour of certain Relatives as we will read hereafter. As for the remaining part of wealth, the Bequest can also be modified by the kin of repute to make corrections for visible tilt and injustice by the Testator. 16. Grand Qur'aan is for entire humanity in time line; for men of ordinary prudence, as well for scholars and intelligentsia. Therefore, all its injunctions regarding conduct and relationships need necessarily be simple and understandable for majority, who understand simple mathematics but not advanced calculators and algebra etc. Therefore, we need not act like Diophantus, Hero of Alexandria, or al-Khwârizmî to understand the injunctions given in the Qur'aan about division and distribution of inheritance since it is mentioned succinctly and explicitly in simple terms. The legal stakeholders for whom Allah the Exalted has apportioned mandatory shares in inheritance are the following: (a) Off-springs of parents; (b) Parents of offsprings; (c) Spouses; (3) Siblings; brothers and sisters Other blood relatives like grand progeny and adopted or under patronage collateral child-person are not allocated any share but it is left to the discretion of deceased to bequeath for them in the left over. I- Inheritance from parents to off-springs:
17. The first Verbal Sentence is: الجملة مستأنفة a type of sentence that initiates a new speech, or that which is disconnected from sentences preceding it. Such sentences have no established place of I'rab: [لا مَحَلَّ لها من الإعراب].
The superb choice of this broken paucity plural feminine noun reflects the beauty of succinctness in the Qur'aan. Feminine singular and plural pronouns of subsequent Verbs in the text could refer back to it, affording economy. The hidden subject of a singular masculine verb or a singular masculine third person pronoun of a possessive phrase, however, cannot be referent to this plural feminine noun. Another aspect of its choice is that it has in its ambit the children, the semi-adults and progenies of strengthen maturity. 18. The second sentence of Ayah is:
This is an inverted nominal sentence explaining the first tie enjoined by Allah the Exalted. It is always the Subject/topic about which ascription-predication is given. In English, subject comes first and then its predicate. In Arabic, order can be inverted. Therefore, while translating into English, care must be taken not to render the subject as predicate and the predicate as subject; otherwise it will totally distort the perception of source language text. مِثْلُ حَظِّ الْأُنثَيَيْنِ: These three words constitute a grammatical unit; and comprise of two successive Possessive Phrases. The first two nouns are definite since the last possessive noun is definite by definite article. مِثْلُ : It is the delayed subject of the sentence. Otherwise indefinite, it is definite being first noun of consecutive two possessive phrase whose last noun is definite by definite article. It is a figure of speech termed as simile or comparison when the resemblance between two objects is expressed in form. A likening makes the principal object plainer and impresses it more forcibly on the mind. The principle object illustrated by it is quantitative: حَظِّ الْأُنثَيَيْنِ: Possessive Phrase, signifies, the fortune accrued to the alive two female off-springs; the sum of amount accruing to each of them. حَظِّ: Its Root is "ح ظ ظ". Basic perception infolded in the Root is that of luck, fortune, allowance. Translating it, as is done by the majority of translators, by English words "share, portion" are not equivalent to Arabic word, rather it causes distortion and ambiguity. English word "share" as verb means to use something along with others; to divide something equally between people: to allocate equal parts of something to different people or groups; and as noun it denotes a part of something allotted. Similarly, portion means a fraction: part or section of a larger whole. Thus, these English words in this sentence will denote as if it is referring to the measure of size allocated to two females. Arabic word does not signify sub-set/ordinal number like one-third; two-thirds etc. The sentence is not referring to division of the whole unit, the divisible inheritance, into sub-divisions like one-third, one-forth, one-sixth, one-eighth, and two-thirds. The sentence is merely apportioning the sum of actual amount accruing to two females for the male. The word: مِثْلُ in the phrases signifies that the male will have fortune twice the amount given to the female when the off-springs comprise a female and a male. Otherwise, if it were to restrict the fortune of the male to the presence of two females fortune this word would have not been in the sentence. لِلذَّكَرِ: It is a Prepositional Phrase; preposition denotes "for" indicating that something is directed at somebody, done to benefit somebody. The object noun is definite by definite article signifying presence of one male in the progenies. This phrase appearing at the place of Subject of the sentence relates to elided predicate. Learned grammarians lay the principle that if the comment/predicate is a prepositional phrase, we will need to assume a hidden verb to which the phrase will connect. That hidden verb, along with the phrase, would then become an entire (embedded) sentence and then the comment for the greater sentence. Since a verbal noun can also function as verb, a verbal noun can also be estimated for relating the prepositional phrase. It is thus apparent that Allah the Exalted is apportioning the sum of quantity-amount-fortune accruing to two females for the benefit of the alive male in the progenies. He gets twice the amount given to the female. 19. The definite article prefixed to both the nouns indicates the presence of two daughters and one son as off-springs of the deceased. The ratio-formula in such ground reality - cases of grouped progenies is given by gender, female vs. male; that the sub-set of wealth accruing to two females will be distributed amongst them by giving the sum of fortune of two females to the male. The sub-set of wealth allocated for two females; when a son is partner along with them, will be sub-divided into four equal parts; one for each female and two parts for the male. Thus off-springs in grouped progenies are covered irrespective of their composition and number. But this sentence does not indicate the sub-set/ordinal number of wealth of deceased parent which will accrue to two females and/or grouped progenies. It is mentioned in the following sentence conjunct with preceding sentence by particle "fa" which signifies sequence, cause and effect. 20. Allocation of quantitative/numerical share for progenies in the wealth of deceased parent is given:
"فَ ": This sentence begins with a conjunction particle "فَ " which is distinct from conjunction particle "وَ"; Particle "فَ " illustrates a sequence, cause and effect relationship; a linkage with apodosis clause; and can link a subsequent clause with the preceding sentence to indicate a situation-reality-predication partly different to-instead of the earlier one. Particle "وَ" will not connect such linkage.
The particle and above three words literally mean "Thereby, instead of a male co-sharer, if other progenies were three or more women---".
The conditional sentence is followed by its apodosis clause. This apodosis clause is an inverted nominal sentence beginning with conjunction particle "فَ " فَلَهُنَّ : This is a Prepositional Phrase; preposition denotes "for" indicating that something is directed at somebody, done to benefit somebody. The object pronoun is third person, plural, feminine. This phrase relates to the elided predicate of the subject "the two third of inheritance". The sentence literally means "Thereat , the two third of wealth which the deceased parent has left shall remain the apportionment for them all". ثُلُثَا مَا تَرَكَ: The first two words constitute a Possessive Phrase. First noun is definite dual in nominate case which signifies two-third of some quantity. Possessive noun is a Relative Pronoun and the following verbal sentence; verb perfect third person singular masculine with hidden subject pronoun, is the linkage clause of Relative pronoun with object elided. This sentence means "the two third of that which he the deceased has left behind".
21. The above
two sentences; comprising of a conditional clause and apodosis
clause, conjunct to previous sentence, were erroneously translated
by the earliest Christian translators as under: John Rodwell: and if they be females more than two, then they shall have two-thirds of that which their father hath left: Though majority of translators have repeated likewise, few translators including Yusuf Ali have translated it as "if only daughters, two or more, their share is two-thirds of the inheritance;" Firstly, the Progenies of those parents are mentioned who are granted off-springs by grouping two females and a male, and then those whom only females were granted. The case of those who are granted progeny of only males or a solitary son is not mentioned here [refer 42:49-50]. In case there are additional number of women off-springs instead of a son, the inalienably apportioned share for them shall remain restricted to Two Thirds of wealth the deceased Father, or Mother has left behind.
The gender in both cases is feminine. Same sentence prescribing the ratio-formula between females and males occurs in both cases. In 4:176 it is mentioned in sequence; presence of one female, or two females, and siblings comprising men and women whereby the same sentence about distributive ratio between female and male finds mention. In respect of progenies the same information is given in reverse order. The difference is of relationship, daughters and sisters The subsequent clause; portraying a different ground situation that if instead of two females in the progeny there was only one daughter, leaves no room to deny that the share of inheritance shall be two-thirds in case of only two females in the progeny of the deceased:
23.
This sentence is conjunct to previous sentence through conjunction
particle. It is Condition Sentence with:
24. The injunction in four sentences in the earlier part of the Ayah covers the share allocated for the progenies of those who were granted either daughters, or in combination sons also. Their share shall not exceed two-third of the inheritance left by the deceased. Since the sharing in case of progenies is to start with a feminine, therefore, if the deceased has left a daughter and a son, this means three feminine shares because the share resembling share of two feminine is to be allocated for a male. This takes care of all the progeny regardless how many are they. Two-third of the Inheritance is reservedly allocated for them in all circumstances. 25. It must be noted
that in case of Progeny comprising a singular daughter, or two
daughters, two daughters and a son; or progenies exceeding two feminine sharers as
partners/co-sharer, Allah the
Exalted has not apportioned the share for other surviving kin in the
remaining
one third
or half wealth.
Allah the Exalted has not annulled or
superseded:
II. Inheritance from off-springs to parents and siblings: The Provisions of Inheritance Law in case of a solitary son in progeny are separately incorporated where son is not the favorite unit; rather the surviving Mother, Father and Spouse of the deceased are given priority. 26. We have hitherto read about the Mandatory Apportionment of Shares assigned by Allah the Exalted to the progenies of a Father or Mother who died leaving behind his or her Bequest, notwithstanding what statement of distribution of wealth it contained. It stands superseded in timeline to the extent Allah the Exalted has apportioned the wealth. 27. There can be a situation altogether different from the above. The Married Son of a surviving Mother and Father dies. His Father and Mother may or may not still be mutually husband and wife at the time of death of their son. They might have separated during the life of their died Son. The Married Son of the Surviving Mother and Father may or may not have bereaved his own son:
28. Please note the turn in the discourse. Here the deceased person is a married Son of a living Mother and Father.
29. It is an inverted nominal sentence. وَ: Conjunction particle [حرف عطف]. It is a coordinator that links to element in the preceding discourse.
30. The next sentence is a conditional clause; its apodosis clause is elided since the resultant effect of this situation has already been mentioned in the preceding Nominal Sentence.
31. Inalienable apportionment of Inheritance for surviving mother and father is given if a person died after leaving a surviving son as progeny. The other situation is that a married son died who did not have a son but his parents have inherited him.
For such situation share of the Father of the deceased is not apportioned by Allah the Exalted but one-third is assigned to his mother. It may be remembered that the Father and Mother of the deceased Man could be in a separated state-Matrimonial Bond broken, or even his Mother had become in his life the wife of another Man other than his Father. The right of some such Mothers could be in jeopardy if it were left to the Will of deceased son. 32. An amendment is introduced, regarding the 1/3rd Mandatory Prioritized-Set aside Share of the Mother, if the siblings of the deceased also exist. In this circumstantial change, the share apportioned for the Mother diminishes to 1/6th of the Inheritance:
33. Allah the Exalted after apportioning inalienable shares; relating to different scenarios, one where the deceased Parent leaving female progenies, or grouped progenies comprising females and males; the second where the deceased is a married son of surviving Parents [Mother and Father] who had also a surviving son; and the third case where a married son who did not have a son died leaving behind surviving father and mother, promulgated as under:
34.
Whatever grammatical
function is assigned, even if all are considered simultaneously, it will
make no difference in meanings
because:
Which bequeath is
this?
35.
36. The most conspicuous fact in the discourse on inheritance we have so far read is that except giving a ratio formula when females and male are partners-co sharer in the wealth, Allah the Exalted has not allocated inalienable share for a son. General psyche of majority is that they have longing for sons. Allah the Exalted draws attention of the people towards the fact:
This is a simple sentence though it comprises of three sentences. Predicate of nominal sentence is a verbal sentence. And another complete nominal sentence is there functioning as object of the verb.
37. After this parenthetic clause, it is declared about the aforementioned apportionment of shares:
Its Root is "ف ر ض". The basic perception infolded is that of cutting something solid and hard which entails assessment and marking as to how, from where and how much be the incision and cutting. Since markings assign a distinct apportioning from the whole, it gives the signification of allocating, earmarking, prescribing or specifying the share. Therefore, it also signifies something made obligatory-ordained-prescribed at a given point in time. Reference to point in time is built in the perception of Root. The Adjective resembling participle, or termed as Verbal Adjective is a noun derived from an intransitive verb in order to signify the one that establishes an action with the meaning of permanence.
The fact that the apportionment of inheritance ordained is based upon absolute justice is emphasized by mentioning the information about Allah the Exalted.
38. We observed that when there is only a
female in:
39. Instructions about the share of bereaved Spouse are given subsequently in Ayah 4:12:
40. In case the deceased is a wife without a surviving son, the share apportioned by Allah the Exalted is only for husband 1/2; or 1/4th if she bereaved a son. Allah the Exalted has not superseded the allocations made by the deceased woman for the remaining half or 3/4th of inheritance. Her allocations in the Will will stand and prevail.
41. Allah the Exalted has apportioned mandatory share only for the husband of deceased wife who died leaving Son in Progeny or without a son. On the contrary, the Bequest of a Man who died leaving a Son, is also superseded by apportioning share to his Mother and Father along with share for the Wife. His property is divided into twenty four equal parts. Four parts allocated each to Mother and Father and three parts to his surviving Wife. The allocations for son and others is in remaining thirteen parts of wealth. 42. Here before we have noticed that injunctions in Ayah 4:11 and earlier part of 4:12 are about such deceased who have surviving parents, both mother and father alive, and bereaved spouse. Fortunes vary if the deceased had a son or did not have alive son at the time of death. We have not as yet seen instructions about a man or woman who dies leaving a son but without a surviving spouse - either already died or separated by divorce, and is bereaved by a single parent, either mother or father. It is mentioned later with conjunction particle in Ayah 4:12:
o
43. There may be a situation that the death expecting Man or Woman are in a state of single parent- no spouse with surviving singular son and a parent, either Father or Mother. In such situation, the Mandatory Share set aside by Allah the Exalted is 1/6th each for a brother or sister of the deceased Man or Woman. However, if they are more in number, the collective share shall be only 1/3rd for brothers and sisters, superseding that which the deceased might have allocated in the statement of distribution in his/her Will. The allocations in the Will for the remaining part of inheritance shall stand.
44.
45. The aforesaid instructions and Mandatory Allocation of parts of inheritance amongst various beneficiaries by Allah the Exalted cover all the situations that might be the ground realities at the time of death of a Man or a Woman. However, one situation is not covered whereby one will have to resort to other deductive method to infer the apportioned share. The people of the days of revelation fully acknowledged and understood the injunctions about inheritance. They did not have an iota of confusion. This fact is evident because people requested the Elevated Messenger of Allah the Exalted to give them the confirmation-strengthened verdict at his own about the only situation which was not covered in the aforementioned injunctions in Ayah 4:11 and 4:12. That situation is regards a person who is bachelor or single without spouse, has a singular alive parent, either Mother or Father, but did not have a son.
46. Allah the Exalted has superseded the Will to the extent of maximum two third of Inheritance by inalienably apportioning it in favour of brothers and sisters of the deceased. The allocations in the Will for remaining 1/3rd shall stand and prevail, whatever it might be. 47. Grand Qur'aan has no parallel and is par excellence in succinctness. The probable situations obtaining in the case of death of a wealthy Man or Woman are quite many. It is almost an impossible proposition for human beings to determine with absolute justice the rightful shares in all the possible situations. It will need volumes of laws and regulations, yet leaving areas for injustice.
48. Allah the Exalted
has specifically covered those situations which are pregnant for abuse of
man-dominance and injustice. In such situations, Allah
the Exalted has exercised the Authority and Will to cut and demarcate
certain Parts of the Inheritance, and Permanently allocate it to specific
relatives in preference to others. This is signified by:
49. Laws and regulations to implement justice in all respects in the case of inheritance and other economic problems is quite a difficult proposition for majority of human beings. Therefore, Allah the Exalted encourages to create a situation wherein justice can be established in such matters by heightening the moral consciousness of man and showing of mercy and kindness to those undergoing tribulations. There can be hundreds of situations with conflicting considerations for allocating wealth of the deceased. Encompassing all those, a voluminous regulation book is needed. Allah the Exalted has given the solution for absolute justice. He the Exalted has first made it incumbent upon the wealthy man to dictate his Bequest allocating shares according to his own judgment and decision amongst his Father and Mother and nearer relatives, about whom he better understands regards eligibility and necessity. Thereafter, when the actual time happens for execution of the Will after the death of deceased, Allah the Exalted supersedes that Will partially, maximum to the extent of two third of inheritance. Allah the Exalted apportions the inalienable shares in favour of certain relatives and allows to stay other allocations bequeathed by the deceased. 50. Allah the Exalted has simplified the otherwise delicate and perplexing issue for humans by relating it to the circumstantial characteristic of the person and the Will bequeathed by deceased. All cases and situations that be obtaining on ground are covered in just six sub classifications. We have now the orders regarding the progenies, the mother and father, the spouse and siblings in different situations. Let us recap:
a.
The preferential
for Allah the Exalted are daughters in particular, and progenies in
general. It
is evident from the fact that Allah the Exalted captioned this law of
Inheritance as relating:
b. The
preferential for the death expecting Person for bequeathing is his/her Father and Mother, and
relatively Near
Relatives like grand orphaned Progeny, etc. c. The equation is with regard to shares-fortunes, not for female and male. Like of the share-fortune of two feminine is apportioned for a male. When the progenies are two daughters and above, the mandatory and prioritized allocation for them is two third of the inheritance. This takes care of the progenies when they are the combination of females and males, equaling at least the share of three feminine. A daughter and a son shall get two third divided by three equal shares. One share going to daughter and two shares going to son. The remaining one third is not superseded and the allocation in the Will shall prevail. d. In case of solitary daughter survivor the inalienably apportioned share is half of the inheritance. The remaining half is not superseded and the allocation in the Will shall prevail. If two daughters survive their share is two third. If grouped progenies the share will remain two third of inheritance. e. With regard to progeny, we are left with only a situation where a Married Man is leaving behind the solitary Son. In this situation, Allah the Exalted has not made the Son as preferential and has not apportioned the share for a solitary living son of the deceased. Instead, Mother and Father, and spouse of the this Man are declared preferential and their share is inalienably apportioned, leaving other allocations bequeathed in the Will for the living Son and other nearer relatives. The share of a solitary son might vary depending upon the Will of the Deceased, while the share of a solitary daughter is permanently and unalterably apportioned by decree as 1/2 of Inheritance. f. In case of a solitary son, the Father and the Mother each get straight away 1/6th out of that inheritance which the deceased married Man has left behind. The inalienably apportioned share of Wife is 1/8th out of the inheritance. In such cases, the Inheritance is divided into twenty-four parts; eleven out of twenty-four parts straight going to Father, Mother and the Widow. Allah the Exalted has not allocated specifically the remaining thirteen parts of wealth which will accrue to son. g. However, in case of death of a married Woman, Allah the Exalted has superseded her Will only by inalienably apportioning 1/2 or 1/4 of Inheritance in favour of her surviving husband with reference to absence or presence of her surviving son. Other allocations in the Statement of Distribution bequeathed in her Will stand and prevail. This is reflective of extreme care in the sublime system of justice executed by Allah the Exalted. There could be a wife unhappy with her husband who might do injustice to her husband striking him out of the list in the Will.
h. In case the
death expecting Man or Woman is in state of:
j. In case the
death expecting Man in state of
51. The Parts of the Inheritance apportioned by Allah the Exalted are un-alterable under all circumstances. The allocations made in the Will shall sustain binding legality for the remaining part of inheritance. However, a correction-modification can be made if unjustified inclination or evident injustice was made by the Testator. 52. Allah the Exalted has succinctly explained making all relevant situations and considerations clearly demarcated and distinguished. The purpose and objective of elaborately explaining the Inheritance issues is described at the end of instructions on the subject of inheritance:
53. We must ponder for a while about this information while reading voluminous conflicting literature on the subject of Inheritance, written and spread both by believers and non believers. V. Advises in respect of non-stake holders in inheritance
54. The discussions and voluminous
dissertations written on the subject of Inheritance seldom take into
consideration the following injunctions regarding those Wives whose
husbands died while they were still in the state of Restraint for a
defined period, because their husbands had pronounced:
55. Let us determine ourselves and pray to Allah the Exalted that we might not be listed amongst these people:
|
:
The Bequest to be bequeathed by the Dying Person for Mother and/or
Father; other surviving kin including orphaned grand-son/daughter,
described by Plural Noun:
.
[Legal parlance: Testate succession]
:
The
Shares Permanently Cut, Determined and set aside by Allah the Exalted
out of the total Wealth; 
:
The Binding
Promulgation from Allah the Exalted modifying-annulling-superseding the Will of
the person in times after the death to the extent of shares apportioned
by Allah the Exalted. 
:
Bachelor or spouse less person with single parent surviving and whether
or not one son is bereaved
:
This Verbal Sentence is the Relative Clause for
the preceding Relative Pronoun.
The Verb is: Perfect; Third person; Singular;
Masculine; Intransitive; and Subject pronoun is hidden linking back to
the Relative Pronoun. It is derived from مصدر-قِلَّة
Verbal noun. It signifies that its Subject has
become in diminutive proportion. After Appositive-Coordinating
conjunction for alternative option is the Verb:
denoting something having become in abundance or
large proportion. 
:
It
is a Prepositional Phrase relating to the
following Verb. It is always used in construct-possessive phrase. When
used elliptically-extremely concise in writing, it always has the
[تنوين التعويض]
"nunation of compensation" as is the case here. The discourse
and the sentence is about allocation of Inheritance, thereby, it manifest that
[تنوين التعويض]
"nunation of compensation" is for the deceased. The object of verb:
:
It means each, every denoting no exception.
This promulgation prohibits that the inheritance be given wholly to two
persons. The beneficiaries must be three or above. 
:
It is
Perfect feminine singular Verb in Jussive state as condition Verb. Its
Subject Noun is hidden referring
to the broken plural feminine noun: "the off-springs".
:
It is the Predicate of deficient verb meaning solitary female. The apodosis
clause is a nominal sentence:
:
It is Inverted Nominal Sentence. Prepositional Phrase relates
to elided Predicate. Delayed subject of sentence is:
: Prepositional
Phrase: لَ
Inseparable Preposition
+ Personal Pronoun:
Third person; masculine; singular, in genitive state; meaning "for him
the deceased". It relates to elided predicate of the
deficient verb. The singular masculine pronoun
refers to the deceased Man.
:
It is a dependent clause.
Grammatically, it is an indivisible unit comprising of Prepositional Phrase
and Possessive Phrase.
Semantically, the
preposition functions to illustrate a logical, temporal, or spatial
relationship between the object of the prepositional phrase and the
other components of the sentence. The prepositional phrase modifies a
verb as well a noun. The prepositional phrase links back to the first
verbal sentence of Ayah:
:
"He is presently bequeathing about it". This verbal sentence is
the adjectival description of:
:
This verbal sentence is the Predicate of nominal sentence.
]
if a son was not her progeny.
"for the Parents", and:
