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معاشرے کی اخلاقی قدروں کے متعلق حکم سنو؛تمہارے معاشرے کی ایسی عوریں جن کے متعلق یہ شکایت ہے کہ وہ دوسری عورتوں سے غیر اخلاقی جنسی میلان کے لئے ملتی ہیں۔ Root: ف ح ش |
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تو اس کی تصدیق کے لئے معاشرے میں انہیں جاننے والےچار نیک شہرت رکھنے والوں سے ان مشکوک عورتوں پر گواہی حاصل کرو۔ Root: ر ب ع |
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اس طرح اگر ان چاروں نے ان کے باہمی فحش جنسی میلانات رکھنے پر گواہی دے دی تو اس صورت میں انہیں اپنے اپنے گھروں میں رہنے کے لئے پابند کر دو۔ Root: م س ك |
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یہ پابندی تا عمر ہو گی یہاں تک کہ موت انہیں معاشرے سے جدا/الگ کر دے۔ Root: و ف ى |
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یا تاوقتیکہ اللہ تعالیٰ ان کے لئے اس غیر فطری طرز عمل سے چھٹکارہ پانے کے لئے اس خانہ بندی کو فطری طرز عمل کی جانب مائل ہونے کی راہ بنا دے۔ |
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اور جہاں تک دو مذکروں(لڑکے اور مرد)کا تعلق ہے جو تمہارے معاشرے میں باہمی فحش جنسی میلان(ہم جنس پرستی)کے لئے ملتے ہیں،تو ان کے بارے یہ معلوم ہونے پر انہیں ہلکی گزند اور شرمندہ کرو۔ |
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اس طرح شرمندہ اور ہلکی گزند پانے پر اگروہ دونوں(لڑکے/مرد)اس حرکت پر نادم ہو کر اس (فحاشی)سے تائب ہو جائیں اور آئندہ کے لئے اپنی اصلاح کر لیں تو پھر ان سے اعراض برتو(دوبارہ انہیں مت جتلاؤ) |
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یاد رہے،اللہ تعالیٰ اکثر و بیشتر نادم ہو کر اصلاح کی جانب پلٹنے والوں سے درگزر فرماتے ہیں، وہ منبع رحمت ہیں۔ |
Firstly please note that Ayahs 4:15-16
are of type:
Verbal
passages that incorporate injunctions and instructions for aright
conduct in time and space. Such verbal passages are self evident by the
use of imperative-command verbs. The commands are issued by using such
words which are conveniently understandable by the majority that
comprises of people of ordinary prudence.
The theme is immoderate, immoral and illicit sex engagements; other than consented extramarital intercourse between a man and woman, between same gender that has come in public notice. It lays down a regulation.
Even a surface study of the word
choice in Ayahs would suffice to prove the views; expressed in many
exegeses that equate the object:
of feminine plural
verb
with:
,
as erroneous. It was but a far fetched assumption. It is matter of
common sense that injunctions are not interpreted by substituting the
words of original command. Those who do so, they simply adhere not to
basic academic principles of translation and interpretation of texts in
target language text, level of scholarship notwithstanding.
Both words stem from different Roots: ف ح ش and ز ن ى , which even do not share a common radical, and it is understood and generally accepted that each Root of Arabic language has distinct perception and semantic field.
Ayah 2:16 cannot be read in isolation
as it is linked with 2:15 by conjunction particle and because the object
pronoun of masculine dual verb:
is referent to the direct object:
of feminine plural imperfect verb:
.
Two males (please note two men is not used) or two females are
never alleged for:
.
This signifies an action performed by a woman and man respectively
signified by active participle:
and
:
The woman and the man held guilty of charge of consented illicit sexual-intercourse by the competent court of law: thereby, you the state-executive authority are directed to flog each of them two; the manner of execution is flogging one hundred times, the object being restricted to the skin: not excoriation. [Refer 24:02]
:
It is much more a general term that refers to semantic domain:
immoderate behaviour: going beyond what is healthy, moral, appropriate,
or socially acceptable, while
signifies specific act.
Semantic fields are arranged hierarchically, going from the more general
to the more specific. Linguists generally refer the general word by
umbrella term "superordinate" and the specific word as "hyponym". The
propositional meaning carried by a general word or superordinate is part
of the meaning of each of its hyponyms
but not vice versa.
And you people should not approach nearing the mutually consented sexual intercourse;
Indeed this act has ever been an immoderation and sinful as a course. [17:32]
Ibn Faris [died 1005] stated the perception embedded in its Root:
(فحش) الفاء والحاء والشين كلمةٌ تدلُّ على قُبحٍ في شيء وشَناعة. من ذلك الفحْش والفَحْشاء والفاحشة. يقولون: كلُّ شيء جاوَزَ قَدرَه فهو فاحش؛
That it leads to the perception of features of ugliness, deformity, repulsiveness in a thing; and it refers to every thing when it has gone out of its measure.
Lane's Lexicon: فَحُشَ , aor. فَحُشَ , inf. n. فُحْشٌ and فَحَاشَةٌ, It (a thing, or an affair, or anything, or any evil thing) was, or became, excessive, immoderate, enormous, exorbitant, beyond measure, or overmuch;
The basic perception is that of indulging in excessive, immoderate, or beyond measure with reference to generally or universally accepted norms, limits and measures of behaviour. The perception and meanings of the Root have built in subjective and relational element. Moreover, because the excessive, immoderate and extremist tendencies are universally looked upon with dislike, abomination, repulsiveness, and unacceptability, therefore, it has inherent negative element.
For reason of built-in subjective and relational element, it is the context and related field which will determine and expose its meanings with reference to that context; and in definite state generally about the irrational, unnatural, obscene, pervert and excessively emotional sexual conduct.
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[wāw],
It is the
Recommencing particle. It is a discourse coordinator that signals the
speaker's identification of an upcoming unit in the discourse. The
subject of nominal sentence is:
a plural relative third person feminine pronoun. Its predicate begins
with conjunction "fa" which shows that it has also the connotation of a
condition. The verbal sentence:
comprising of Verb-Subject-Object is the Relative clause for the
Relative Pronoun. The verb is imperfect, third person, plural, feminine
with suffixed subject pronoun. The prepositional coupled with possessive
phrase:
relates to elided circumstantial clause
for the subject of verb.
The verb signifies "to come, to show up" and considering the object of
verb, it could be rendered in English as "to indulge". Since the object:
has wide range of socially unacceptable behaviour it would include all
sex inciting activities, public nudity, obscenity, lesbianism,
professing prostitution.
The predicate of sentence:
begins with conjunction/connective particle "fa" which signifies cause and effect
and sequence of events. Discourse connectives can consist of two parts. These are
called paired connectives where each connective's part introduces an argument of
the connectives such as paired connectives if....then. If immoderate turpitude is alleged against a
woman, this injunction will have to be fulfilled otherwise law will come
in force to punish the alleger (24:4). Verb is imperative, second
person, plural, masculine of Form-X that has the connotation of seeking.
Prepositional phrase:
relates to the verb, meaning "upon them, against them".
The object of verb is:
which
signifies for masculine objects-men. Following prepositional phrase:
relates to the elided adjectival description of preceding
noun, meaning "men of good-repute as witnesses".
Then is the dependent clause of preceding sentence:
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If the witnesses have testified before
the court of jurisdiction in support of the allegation, the
apodosis
clause:
will be enforced. The convicted women are to be restrained in their
respective houses that seizes their right-freedom of public appearance.
For the length of enforcing the restraint two options are given:
that is, till the moment the natural death renders them
naturally alienated from the society, otherwise:
or Allah the Exalted might render an excuse - way-out for their resolve.
Ayah 4:16 is
linked with 4:15 by cohesive tie of conjunction particle. Unlike the
preceding sentences where words are referent for plural number of women,
here all words are referring only two males, and thus it is evident that
here:
signifies homosexual activity between two males.
And such two males of your society who show up indulging in it: immoderate sexuality: homosexuality, sodomy, thereat having been noticed indulging in sex relationship, you are directed to slightly punish both.
Here the
difference is that punishment is not subjected to primary evidence of
four witnesses. The imperative verb in complete verbal sentence:
is from
Root:
ء ذ ى
which is a sub-category of Semantic Domain:
Pain—Unpleasant sensory and emotional experience—Root: ع
ذ ب that incorporates in its ambit all sorts of corporal
inflictions that are to varying degree and intensity unpleasant,
annoying, disagreeable and discomforting and in extreme case harmful—causing
physical impairment.
Root:
ء ذ ى signifies the least state of
unpleasantness, irritation, annoyance and embarrassment. Physical harm or hurt is not
its feature. Therefore, the State cannot prescribe a harsher punishment
beyond the limit of basic meanings of the Root to two males, youngsters
or men, found indulging in sodomy.
Sequel to punishment:
Sequel to punishment if they both have averted illicit habit and have adopted righteous course; thereat you are directed to divert attention away from both.
The apodosis clause:
-thereby
divert attention - watching them—evidently
suggests that the two convict males are to be kept under
watch-surveillance that they avert their illicit activity and adopt
righteous course.
Allah the Exalted closes the topic by giving information about His Majesty, encouraging people to adopt a certain type of behaviour in such situations:
Fact remains; Allah the Exalted is repeatedly forgiving, the fountain of mercy.
Recurrences:
إعرا ب القرآن Syntactic Analysis
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اسم موصول مبني على السكون في محل رفع مبتدأ |
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فعل مضارع مبنى على السكون لاتصاله بضمير الرفع المتحرك/نَ: ضمير متصل في محل رفع فاعل-جمع مؤنث غائب |
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مفعول به |
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متعلقان بمحذوف حال من فاعل يأتين |
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7 |
حرف فَ + فعل أمر مبنى على حذف النون لأنَّ مضارعه من الأفعال الخمسة /باب إستفعال و- ضمير متصل في محل رفع فاعل-والألف-فارقة/جمع مذكرحاضر |
الفاء واقعة في جواب الموصول لما فيه من شبه الشرط/خبر |
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جار و مجرور = حرف جر + ضمير متصل-جمع مؤنث غائب في محل جر |
متعلقان بالفعل |
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مفعول به |
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جار و مجرور = حرف جر + -ضمير متصل مبنى على الضم فى محل جر/جمع مذكرحاضر |
متعلقان بمحذوف صفة أربعة |
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فعل ماضٍ مبنى على الضم لاتصاله بواو الجماعة/و- ضمير متصل في محل رفع فاعل-والألف-فارقة/جمع مذكر غائب |
في محل جزم فعل الشرط |
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حرف فَ + فعل أمر مبنى على حذف النون لأنَّ مضارعه من الأفعال الخمسة/و- ضمير متصل في محل رفع فاعل/باب افعال هُنَّ- ضميرمتصل مبنى على الفتح فى محل نصب مفعول به جمع مؤنث غائب |
في محل جزم جواب الشرط |
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متعلقان بالفعل |
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اسم:معرفہ باللام-مجرور- جمع مكسر مؤنث |
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فعل مضارع منصوب بأن مضمرة بعد حَتى و علامة الفتح المقدرعلى الألف للتعذر/-صيغة:واحد مذكرغائب/باب تفعّل هُنَّ- ضميرالغائبات فى محل نصب مفعول به مقدم |
المصدر المؤول في محل جر بحتى والجار والمجرور متعلقان بأمسكوهن |
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مصدر/اسم: معرفہ باللام-مرفوع-واحد مذكر |
فاعل |
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فاعل |
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جار و مجرور = لَ حرف جر + ضمير متصل-جمع مؤنث غائب في محل جر |
متعلقان بالفعل أو بمحذوف حال من سبيلا |
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460 مفعول به |
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461 |
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مبتدأ |
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فعل مضارع مرفوع تثنية- مذكرغائب-ضمير متصل مبنى على الفتح في محل نصب مفعول به / واحد مؤنث غائب |
صلة الموصول |
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جار و مجرور = حرف جر + -ضمير متصل مبنى على الضم فى محل جر/جمع مذكرحاضر |
متعلقان بمحذوف حال |
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حرف فَ + فعل أمر مبنى على حذف النون لأنَّ مضارعه من الأفعال الخمسة/و- ضمير متصل في محل رفع فاعل/باب افعال ضميرمتصل فى محل نصب مفعول به تثنية مذكر غائب |
الجملة خبر المبتدأ اللذان |
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فعل ماضٍ مبنى على الفتح /الالف-الف الاثنين ضمير مبنى على السكون فى محل رفع فاعل-تثنية مذكرغائب |
في محل جزم فعل الشرط |
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فعل ماضٍ مبني على الفتح-باب افعال/الالف-الف الاثنين ضمير مبنى على السكون فى محل رفع فاعل-تثنية غائب |
عطف |
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حرف فَ + فعل أمر مبنى على حذف النون لأنَّ مضارعه من الأفعال الخمسة/و- ضمير متصل في محل رفع فاعل/باب افعال |
في محل جزم جواب الشرط |
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جار و مجرور = حرف جر+ ضمير متصل في محل جر-تثنية مذكر غائب |
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فعل ماضٍ ناقص مبنى على الفتح/الفاعل:ضمير مستتر جوازاً تقديره:هُوَ-واحد مذكر غائب في محل رفع اسم كان |
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Separable Preposition + Attached pronoun:
Second person; plural; masculine; in genitive
state. 
Particle of condition. حرف فَ + حَرْفُ شَرطٍ
