Root: ع ھ د
Words from this Root in the Grand Qur'aan:
a) Total occurrences: 46
b) No of constructions: 25
It finds mention in thirty-six ayahs of 17 Chapters.
Semantic Domain: Obligations - Contract
Learned Ibn Faris [died 1005] has stated its original perception as: أصله الاحتفاظُ بالشَّيء that it is keeping, preservation, dedication to a thing, cause, activity. And thereby it refers to commitment - the state or quality of being dedicated to a cause, activity, etc. It binds a man to an engagement or obligation that restricts freedom of action.
Thus the root signifies imposing an obligation upon a person restricting his freedom of action with regard to some specific activity. Similarly one can commit to another a certain activity upon satisfying certain consideration by the other party. It is an offer of entering into a contract.
And it signifies a contract - pact - treaty; it is a bi- or multilaterally undertaken obligations, where for the obligation to come into existence two or more parties must agree to their respective undertakings.
Grand Qur'aan is the only book in the world that has built in lexicon for its important words and terms. It even exposes the semantic features of a word to render it distinguished and distinct from other words that share some of its semantic element. The basic meanings are rendered explicit at the very first use of it by describing the behaviour of aberrant persons:
-
They [
] are
those who in time and space who
break away - disavow the Contract of Allah the Exalted
after its having consented as established Covenant.
[R 2:27]
The object of verb:
is:
—Possessive Phrase
meaning the Contract of Allah the Exalted. So:
is the title of the Contract signifying specific contract that was
initiated or proposed by Allah the Exalted portraying therein its terms,
conditions and considerations and respective obligations of the parties
to the Contract. It is different both from promise and agreement.
Promise
is a unilateral declaration that one will do or refrain from doing
something specified. The substantive difference between unilaterally
taken obligations like, promise, vows, oaths, and bi- or multilaterally
undertaken obligations is that two or more parties must agree to their
respective undertakings for the obligation to come into existence.
The difference between agreement and contract is that the later has
consideration as its essential element.
The people who are
aberrant: averse breach the Contract of
Allah:
—prepositional
phrase coupled with two successive possessive phrases relate to the
verb. The suffixed possessive pronoun third person is referent to the
preceding object of verb:
,
signifying "after
it has been consented as covenant." What is the difference between:
and:
.
A contract can be
struck between two individuals; or there
can be one person as one party while the other party could comprise of
many people. In case of one agreeing party does something in violation
of the contract then it is considered broken and the other party can
denounce it. The contract becomes null and void. But when the contract
between an individual entity and a group of people as second party is
turned into:
Covenant then disseverment by some members of the other party does not
render the contract revoked. The other members of the second party
continue to be responsible for discharging their obligation. Those who
dissever the Covenant are:
the aberrant, aversely.
Respective parties are required to discharge their obligations in the order prescribed in the Contract:
-
And you people fulfill commitment - obligation consented with Me. If you people do so; I would fulfill commitment consented to you people [since it was conditional/subject to first your discharging of obligation]. [ref 2:40]
-
You question them, "Have you people succeeded in obtaining a contract from Allah the Exalted in this regard? If that is the case, Allah the Exalted will never breach His contracted obligation! [refer 2:80]
-
[reverting back to their historical conduct] Is it not a fact that every time they had bi-laterally consented a contract, a group influential amongst them had discarded it?
-
Nay, the fact is that most of them do not incline towards accepting and believing. [2:100]
-
He the Exalted answered; "My Commitment will however not extend to the evil-doers unjust of your progeny" [2:124]
-
Note it; Such are the people who fulfill their commitment - obligation when they have bilaterally contracted it; [refer 2:177]
-
The authentic news about those people who earn a vile gain/make it a business at the cost of the Contract of Allah the Exalted and their own oaths is that:
-
They are the people for whom nothing of significance shall be available in the Hereafter.
-
And Allah the Exalted will neither address such people nor will pay them attention on the Day of Resurrection. And nor will He the Exalted cause their uplift/sanctification;
-
Be mindful, a severe punishment is prepared-in wait for them. [3:77]
-
It is a public proclamation from Allah the Exalted and His Messenger [Muhammad Sal'lallaa'hoalaih'wa'salam] for communication to those Polytheists: certain Worshipers of hand sculpted statues with whom you the believers had made mutual pact, to denounce that pact [for violation/betrayal by them]. [9:01]
A contract can be revoked or annulled. It can be denounced by a party if the other to contract is violating its terms and conditions.
-
This public proclamation of denouncement is excepting those groups amongst the referred Polytheists with whom you had struck a pact, where afterwards they have not disappointed you in anything nor have they supported a single one against you.
-
Therefore. in respect of these Polytheists you fulfill their pact towards their appointed duration.
-
Indeed Allah the Exalted approves for nearness those who endeavor remaining cautious, heedful, and mindful avoiding unrestrained conduct. [9:04]
- And if they have violated their oaths after their contractual obligation and have gibed about your Prescribed Code of Conduct-Islam; thereat for reason of annulling the pact you people confront war with the leaders of disbelievers;
- It is certain fact that not at all oaths have sanctity for them. The objective is that after war they might cease gibing. [9:12]
-
And a set of persons amongst them: Muna'fi'qeen: Imposter believers exposed their purport—They bilaterally contracted with Allah the Exalted: "If and when He would have given us out of His Bounty:
-
We will certainly then become donor of charities; and certainly we will be amongst the perfectionists." [9:75]
-
Further, you should not approach the inherited property of certain orphan; except handling it in the best manner, until he might attain the age of his full strength: age of marriage/Nikah.
-
And you people are directed to discharge your commitment - contractual obligation.
-
Indeed the contract has always been subject to be questioned. [17:34]
-
They do not hold the authority for intercession. The exception to this negation of authority for intercession is only for the One who had obtained the prior Permission and Authority from the Grace of Ar'Reh'maan, the Exalted as a commitment. [19:87]
-
And in the remote past Our Majesty had informed Aa'dam [alai'his'slaam] to forbear.
-
Subsequent to delusional inspiration by Shai'taan, he-Adam forgot it.
-
However, We did not find deliberateness against him in this regard. [20:115]
-
And they are the ones who are regardful for their trusts and for their commitment -contractual obligation to retire them. [23:08]
-
Indeed those people who willingly and affectionately transform themselves to pledge themselves in allegiance to you the Messenger [Muhammad Sal'lallaa'hoalaih'wa'salam], they in fact only pledge to Allah in allegiance, the Hand of Allah is over the hands of them [which they place on your hand, as demonstration of solemnity]
-
Therefore, whoever broke the pledge thereat he in fact broke against his own self;
-
And whoever discharged what he had consented upon his self in bilateral contract with Allah the Exalted;
-
Thereby in consequence soon He will grant him a great reward. [48:10]
عَهْدٍ: It is a voluntary commitment, undertaking, responsibility, and obligation uplifted by a person; it is a burden upon one till such time he puts it down; absolves himself by discharging his commitment -promise - undertaking/debt. Fulfilling the commitment is segregating, separating, detaching the lifted burden from one's self.
It is different from promise signified by Root: و ع د. Promise is a statement telling someone that one will definitely do something or that something will definitely happen in future. It is a declaration that one will do or refrain from doing something specified. Promises are voluntary obligations. Just as is the case of gift, promise to do something for someone is conceptually a unilateral action.
The difference between these two Roots is that a commitment is an obligation which is a course of action that someone is required to take, whether legal or moral.
An obligation is a course of action that someone is required to take, whether legal or moral.
an engagement or obligation that restricts freedom of action.
Irreducible features:
Volitional consent;
promise; commitment, obligation, burden, responsibility, duty, restraint, accountableness. content of commitment - articles of contract.
to enjoin, charge, impose, swear, treaty, covenant, firm promise, agreement, compact, bond, responsibility.
commitment, bond,
irrevocable.
Related Root: Root: و ع د
Root: ع ق د
Root: و ث ق
Root: ن ق ض
Root: و ف ى
Root: ن ب ذ
Root: و ص ى
-
And discharge your commitment obligated by the Contract of Allah the Exalted.
-
These are the commands He the Exalted has bound you people with. [refer 6:152]
keeping up, sustaining, guarding, protecting
a declaration that one will do or refrain from doing something specified
a legally binding declaration that gives the person to whom it is made a right to expect or to claim the performance or forbearance of a specified act
What is the difference of substance, not merely semantics.
Promises are voluntary obligations. Just as is the case of gift, promise to do something for you it is conceptually a unilateral action on my part.
There is substantive difference between unilaterally taken obligations like, promise, vows, oaths, and bi- or multilaterally undertaken obligations, where for the obligation to come into existence two or more parties must agree to their respective undertakings. Contracts are of the later sorts.
Promise is not only freely make but also freely kept.
to entrust to; confide to, assign to, delegate to, to entrust with, to know, to become acquainted with.
Promises and commitments forming consideration for the parties to the same consent is known as an agreement
An agreement is any understanding or arrangement reached between two or more parties. A contract is a specific type of agreement that, by its terms and elements, is legally binding and enforceable in a court of law.
A commitment is an action. A promise is a word.
In Grand Qur'aan other Roots with first two letters ع ھ
1) ع ھ ن
As nouns the difference between promise and commitment
is that promise is an oath or affirmation; a vow while commitment is the act or an instance of committing, putting in charge, keeping, or trust, especially:.
Autonomy, on the part of both promisor and promisee, is promoted by a practice of promising
Key Difference: Promise is an assurance or declaration of doing something or related to happening of something. Commitment refers the declaration for which one tends to becomes dedicated to ensure that the declaration holds true.
‘Promises’ is a word of common usage. We make promises and many
promises are made to us. Oxford Dictionary defines promise as ‘a
declaration or assurance that one will do something or that a
particular thing will happen’. We promise in order to declare or
assure someone (an individual or group); this insurance can be for
the act of doing something or regarding the happening of a
particular thing.
To understand the relationship between a promise and a commitment, we can just define the difference by saying that promises come true by the involvement of commitment. A person may promise just for the sake of it, and may be after making a promise forgets about it, then somewhere commitment is lacking. Therefore, commitment is suitable for those who want to make a declaration but with all the elements of dedication. A promise may or may not hold true in the future, but the commitments are more likely to be met.
| Definition | An arrangement (usually informal) between two or more parties that is not enforceable by law. | A formal arrangement between two or more party that, by its terms and elements, is enforceable by law. |
|---|---|---|
| Validity based on | Mutual acceptance by both (or all) parties involved. | Mutual acceptance by both (or all) parties involved. |
| Does it need to be in writing? | No. | No, except for some specific kinds of contracts, such as those involving land or which cannot be completed within one year. |
| Consideration required | No | Yes |
| Legal effect | An agreement that lacks any of the required elements of a contract has no legal effect. | A contract is legally binding and its terms may be enforceable in a court of law. |
| 1 |
فعل مضارع مجزوم/الفاعل ضمير مستتر فيه-أَنَا/واحد متكلم |
| 2 |
اسم :معرفہ باللام-منصوب-واحد مذكر |
| 3 |
اسم :معرفہ باللام-مرفوع-واحد مذكر |
| 4 |
|
| 5 |
جار و مجرور= بـِ حرف جر + اسم :مجرور-واحد مذكر |
| 6 |
بـِ حرف جر + اسم:مجرور واحد مذكر/مضاف + ضمير متصل-جمع مذكرحاضر/مخاطب في محل جر-مضاف إليه |
| 7 |
بـِ حرف جر + اسم:مجرور واحد مذكر/مضاف + ضمير متصل-واحد مذكرغائب في محل جر-مضاف إليه |
| 8 |
بـِ حرف جر + اسم:مجرور واحد مذكر/مضاف + ضمير متصل-جمع مذكرغائب في محل جر-مضاف إليه |
| 9 |
جار و مجرور + الإِضَافَةُ = بِ حرف جر + اسم مجرور-واحد مذكر/مضاف + ضمير متصل-واحد متكلم في محل جر-مضاف إليه |
| 10 |
فعل ماضٍ مبني على الفتح/الفاعل:ضمير مستتر جوازاً تقديره:هُوَ-واحد مذكرغائب/باب مفاعلة |
| 11 |
فعل ماضٍ مبنى على السكون لاتصاله بضمير الرفع/التاء-ضمير متصل في محل رفع فاعل واحد مذكرمخاطب/باب مفاعلة |
| 12 |
فعل ماضٍ مبنى على السكون لاتصاله بضمير الرفع/التاء-ضمير متصل في محل رفع فاعل جمع مذكرمخاطب/باب مفاعلة |
| 13 |
فعل ماضٍ مبنى على السكون لاتصاله بضمير الرفع/التاء-ضمير متصل في محل رفع فاعل جمع مذكرمخاطب/باب مفاعلة |
| 14 |
فعل ماضٍ مبنى على الضم لاتصاله بواو الجماعة/و- ضمير متصل في محل رفع فاعل-والألف-فارقة/جمع مذكرغائب/باب مفاعلة |
| 15 |
فعل ماضٍ مبني على الفتح/الفاعل:ضمير مستتر جوازاً تقديره:هُوَ-واحد مذكرغائب |
| 16 |
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| 17 |
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| 18 |
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| 19 |
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| 20 |
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| 21 |
فعل ماضٍ مبنى على السكون لاتصاله بضمير الرفع/نَا-ضمير متصل فى محل رفع فاعل/جمع متكلم |
| 22 |
الإِضَافَةُ = اسم منصوب واحد مذكر/مضاف + ضمير متصل-واحد مذكر غائب في محل جر-مضاف إليه |
| 23 |
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| 24 |
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| 25 |
 Possessive Phrase: Noun:
Definite;
masculine; singular; nominative
+ Possessive pronoun: First Person;
Singular; in genitive state. (1)2:124=1الإِضَافَةُ = اسم مرفوع-واحد مذكر/مضاف + ضمير متصل-واحد متكلم في محل جر-مضاف إليه |
