كفأ

1 كَفَأَ  He turned a thing over; as a man turns over a cake of bread in his band until it becomes even. ↓ يَتَكَفَّأُ occurs in a trad. respecting the Day of Resurrection, accord. to one relation, for يَكْفَأُ, in this sense: it is said that the earth will be like a single cake of bread, which God will turn over in his hand, as a man in a journey turns over a cake of bread. (TA.) كَفَأَ, (Ks, S, K,) inf. n. كَفٌءٌ and كَفَآءَةٌ; (TA;) and ↓ اكفأ , (IAar, S, K,) and ↓ اكتفأ ; (S, K;) but the first word is said to be the most chaste; He inverted, or turned upside-down, (S, K,) a vessel &c. (S, TA.) [You say] كُفِئَتْ جَفْنَتُهُ [His bowl was turned upside-down; meaning] (tropical:) He was slain: a phrase similar to هُرِيقَ رِفْدُهُ. (A in art. رفد.) ― -b2- كَفَأَ (TA) and ↓ اكفأ , (Ks, and rejected by As, (TA,) He inclined, or made to turn aside or incline, (S, K,) a bow, in shooting with it, and a vessel, (Ks, S,) &c. (TA.) And كَفَأَ (TA) and ↓ اكفأ , (K,) and ↓ انكفأ (TA) He, or it, inclined: intrans. (K, TA.) ― -b3- كَفَأَهُ عَنْ شَىْ, (S, * K, * TA,) inf. n. كَفْءٌ, (S, TA,) He turned him away, or back from a thing; (S, K, TA;) as from a thing that he desired to do, to another thing. (S, TA.) And كَفَأَ عَنْ شَىْءٍ He turned away, or back, from a thing: intrans. (TA.) [See also 4 and 7.] كَفَأَ القَوُمُ The people turned away, or back. (K.) [See also 7.] ― -b4- كَفَأَ He drove away a man, (K,) or camels. (L.) ― -b5- كَفَأَ الإِِبِلَ He made an assault upon the camels, and took them away. (TA.) ― -b6- كَفَأَ He followed, or pursued, another. (K.) ― -b7- كَفَأَ الغَنَمُ فِى الشِّعْبِ The sheep entered the ravine. (K.) ― -b8- كَفَأَ لَوْنُهُ, and لونه ↓ اكفأ , and لونه ↓ تكفّأ , (TA,) and لوزه ↓ انكفأ , (K,) (as also انكفت لونه, TA,) (tropical:) His, or its, colour changed. (K.) 3 كافأهُ عَلَى شَىْءِ  , inf. n. مُكَافَأَةُ and كِفَأءٌ, He requited, compensated, or recompensed, him for a thing. (S, K.) ― -b2- مَا لِى بِهِ قِبَلٌ وَلَا كِفَآءٌ I have not power to requite him. (S.) ― -b3- كافأه, (K,) inf. n. مُكَافَأَةٌ and كِفَآءٌ, (TA,) He was like him; was equal to him; equalled him. (K.) -A2- كافأه He watched him; observed him. (K.) -A3- كافأ, (K,) inf. n. مُكَافَأَةٌ, (TA,) He repelled; turned, or put away; kept away, or off; withstood, or resisted. (K, TA.) ― -b2- كافأ بَيْنَ فَارِسَيْنِ بِرُمْحِهِ He thrust this horseman, and then that, with his spear. (K, TA.) ― -b3- كافأ بين البَعِيرَيْنِ He stabbed this camel, and then that. (Z.) -A4- لَا مُكَافَأَةَ عِنْدِى فِى كَذَا There is no concealment with me in respect of such a thing; as also لا مُحَاجَاةَ. (TA in art. حجو.) 4 أَكْفَاَ See 1, in four places. ― -b2- اكفأ فِى سَيْرِهِ عَنِ القَصْدِ, (TA,) or كَفَأَ, (K,) He deviated, or turned aside, in his journey, from the object he had in view. (K, * TA.) -A2- اكفأ الإِِبِلَ كَفْأَتَيْنِ He divided the camels into two equal numbers, setting apart the one half for breeding during one year, and the other half for breeding during the next. It was esteemed the best plan, by the Arabs, to leave a she-camel for one year after her breeding, without suffering the stallion to cover her; in like manner as land is left fallow for a year. (S, TA.) ― -b2- The same is also said of sheep &c. (TA.) -A3- اكفأه إِِبِلَهُ وَغَنَمَهُ (S, * K, * TA) He assigned to him the profits, (K,) or the profits for a year, (S,) of his camels and his sheep or goats; (K, TA;) i.e., their hair and wool, milk, and young ones. (S, TA.) -A4- اكفأت الإِِبِلُ Many of the camels had young ones in their wombs. (K.) -A5- اكفأ البَيْتَ, (K,) inf. n. إِِكْفَآءٌ, (S,) He made for the tent a كِفَآء. (S, K, TA.) -A6- اكفأ, (K,) inf. n. إِِكْفَاءٌ, (TA,) in poetry, accord. to a commentary on the Káfee, He used as the رَوِىّ two letters having their places of utterance near to each other; as ط with د: [such is the signification of the verb accord. to general usage in the present day:] or, accord. to the Ahkám el-Asás, he changed the روىّ from ر to ل, or ل to م: or he made a similar change of one letter to another having its place of utterance near to that of the former: or it has another signification, given below, accord. to the same authority: (TA:) or he used different letters in the rhymes; (S, K;) whether letters having their places of utterance near to each other, or the contrary; (TA;) or in some م and in some ن and in some د, and in some ط, and in some ح, and in some خ, &c.; as says AZ; and this is the meaning known to the Arabs: (S:) or he used different vowels in the روىّ: (Fr, S:) or i. q. أَقْوَى: (S, K:) or, accord. to the Ahkám el-Asás, it signifies either as explained above on that authority, (TA,) or he used different final inflections in the rhymes: (K:) or he changed the final vowel in the rhyme; ending one verse with ضَمَّة, and another with كَسْرَة, [which are the two vowels that resemble each other]: (TA:) [see a verse cited in the first paragraph of art. غيب:] or he impaired the end of a verse in any way. (K.) Eloquent Arabs explained the meaning of the verb in this last manner to Akh, without defining any particular kind of impairment: but one made it to consist in the use of different letters. (TA.) 5 تكفّأ  It (a vessel &c.) was inverted, or turned upside-down. (TA.) See also 1, in two places. ― -b2- تكفّأ (as also تكّفى, inf. n. تَكَفٍّ; but the original word is that with hemzeh;) He inclined forwards, in walking, as a ship inclines in her course. Mohammad is said to have walked in this manner, which is indicative of strength. (TA.) [And so] تكفّأت She (a woman) moved her body from side to side, in walking, as the tall palm-tree moves from side to side. (S.) [And] She (a ship) inclined forwards in her course. (TA.) [See an ex., voce أَعْرَبَ, in this sense; or, as implied in the S, in the sense immediately preceding.] 6 تَكَافَآ  They two were like, or equal, each to the other. (S, K.) ― -b2- تَتَكَافَأُ دِمَاؤُهُمْ Their blood (i. e., the blood of the Muslims,) shall be equally retaliated, or expiated: (A 'Obeyd, S:) i. e., the noble shall have no advantage over the ignoble in the retaliation or expiation of blood. (A 'Obeyd.) 7 انكفأ  He turned, or was turned, away, or back, from a thing that he desired to do; (S;) [see also 1;] he returned, or went back, or reverted. (S, K.) ― -b2- Also, (TA,) or ↓ كَفَأَ , (K,) It (a party) became routed, defeated, or put to flight. (K, TA.) ― -b3- See 1, in two places. 8 إِِكْتَفَاَ See 1. ― -b2- اكتفأ أَهْلِيهِمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ [He carried off their families and their goods.] (TA, from a trad.; mentioned next after the explanation of كَفَأَ الإِِبِلَ.) 10 استكفأه إِِبِلَهُ  He asked him for a year's produce of his camels; i.e., their young ones in the womb in one year; (S, TA;) or their hair and wool, milk, and young ones, of one year. (TA.) ― -b2- استكفأه نَخْلَةً He asked him for a year's produce of a palm-tree. (TA.) كَفْءٌ  and كُفْءٌ and كِفْءٌ and كُفُؤٌ see كِفَاءٌ, and for كِفْءٌ see also كَفِىْءٌ. كَفْأَةٌ ذ and ↓ كُفْأَةٌ (S, K) The young ones in the wombs of camels, in one year: or those after the dams have not conceived for one year or more: (K:) or a year's produce of camels [&c.]; i. e., their hair and wool, and their milk, as well as their young ones. (AZ, S, K.) You say أَعْطِنِى كفأةَ نَاقَتِكَ Give me the year's produce, &c., of thy she-camel. (S.) ― -b2- ― -b3- And, both words (tropical:) A year's produce of a palm-tree. (K.) ― -b4- (tropical:) A year's produce of a piece of land. (K.) See also 4. كُفْأَةٌ  : see كَفْأَةٌ. كَفَآءٌ ذ (K) and ↓ كَفَأءَةٌ (S, K) Likeness; equality. (S, K.) ― -b2- كَفَأءٌ A slight inclination, to one side, of a camel's hump, and the like. This is the slightest of faults in a camel; for when the camel grows fat, his hump becomes erect. (TA.) كَفَآءٌ  , originally an inf. n. [of 3], and ↓ كُفْءٌ and كُفُوْءٌ [&c., as in the following examples,] Like; equal; a match. (S.) ― -b2- هٰذَا كِفَاؤُهُ, and ↓ كَفِيْئَتُهُ , and ↓ كَفِيؤُهُ , and ↓ كُفْؤُهُ , and ↓ كَفْؤُهُ , and ↓ كِفْؤُهُ , (in the CK, كَفُؤُهُ,) and ↓ كُفُوْؤُهُ , (in the CK, كُفُؤُهُ,) This is like, or equal to, him or it: (K:) And لَا كِفَآءَ لَهُ There is no one, or nothing, like, or equal, to him, or it. (S.) ― -b3- Zj says, that the words of the Kur-án, وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ كُفُؤًا أَحَدٌ (cxii. 4,) may be read in four different ways: ↓ كُفُؤًا and ↓ كُفْئًا and ↓ كِفْئًا (in which three ways the word has been read) and كِفَاءً (in which last way it has not been read.) Ibn-Ketheer and AA and Ibn-'Ámir and Ks read كُفُؤًا: Hamzeh read كُفْئًا; and, in a case of pause, كُفَا, without hemzeh. (TA,) ― -b4- Pl. (of كُفْءٌ and كِفْءٌ, and كُفُؤٌ, and perhaps of كَفْءٌ also, MF,) أَكْفَآءٌ and (of all the above forms excepting كِفَآءٌ, MF,) كِفَآءٌ. (K.) ― -b5- كِفَآءٌ As much as is equal to another thing. (L.) ― -b6- الحَمْدُ لِلّهِ كِفَآءَ الوَاجِبِ Praise be to God, as much as is incumbent. (K.) -A2- كِفَآءٌ A curtain (سُتْرَة) extending from the top to the bottom of a tent, at the hinder part: or an oblong piece of staff at the hinder part of the kind of tent called خِبَاء: or a كِسَآء that is thrown upon a خباء, so as to reach the ground: (K:) or an oblong piece of stuff, or two such pieces well sewed together, attached by the kind of wooden pin called خِلَال to the hinder part of a خباء: (S:) or the hinder part of a tent: pl. أَكْفِئَةٌ. (TA.) See مِظَلَّةٌ in art. ظل. كَفِىْءُ اللَّوْنِ  , and اللون ↓ مَكْفُوْءُ , (K,) and اللون ↓ مَكْتَفِئُ , (TA,) (tropical:) Changed in colour: (K:) said of the countenance and of other things: as also مُكْتَفِتُ اللون. (TA.) ― -b2- Also, مُكْفَأُ الوَجْهِ Changed in countenance. (TA.) -A2- See كِفَآءٌ. -A3- كَفِىْءٌ and ↓ كِفْءٌ (as in the CK and a MS. copy of the K) or كِفِىْءٌ (as in the TA) The bottom, or interior, or inside, (بَطْن,) of a valley. (K.) كُفُوْءٌ  : see كِفَآءٌ. كَفَآءَةٌ ذ : see كَفَآءٌ. ― -b2- In marriage, Equality of the husband and wife in rank, religion, lineage house, &c. (L,) أَكْفَأُ  , fem. كَفْأَى, A camel whose hump inclines slightly to one side. (TA.) ― -b2- A camel's hump inclining to one side. (ISh.) مُكْفِئُ الظَّعْنِ  The last of the days called أَيَّامُ العَجُوزِ. (TA.) [See عجوز.] مَكْفُوْءُ اللّون  : see كَفِىْءٌ. مُكَافِئٌ  Being like, or equal to: equalling. (S.) ― -b2- Also, in the following words of a trad., كَانَ لَا يَقْبَلُ الثَّنَآءَ إِِلَّا مِن مُّكَافِئِ, said to signify One of known sincerity in professing himself a Muslim: (IAmb:) or one not transgressing his proper bounds, nor falling short with respect to that [religion] to which God hath exalted him- (Az.) ― -b3- شَاتَانِ مُكَافِئَتَانِ, (S, K,) and مُكَافَأَتَانِ. (K,) as the relaters of trads. say, (S,) in a trad. respecting the عَقِيقَة for a male child, (S, TA,) Two sheep, or goats, of equal age. (S, K.) Some assign to these words meanings slightly differing from the above; as, similar, one to another: also, slaughtered, one immediately after the other: (TA:) or slaughtered, one opposite to the other. (S.) مُكْتَفِئُ اللّون : see كَفِىْءٌ. Credit: Lane Lexicon