1
فَعَلَهُ , (S, O, Msb, K, *) aor.
فَعَلَ , (S, O, K,) inf. n.
فَعْلٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and
فَعَالٌ, (S, O, Msb,) and ↓
فِعْلٌ is the subst. therefrom, (S, O,
Msb, K, *) but, accord. to Ibn-Kemál, it has become
commonly used as the inf. n.; MF, however, says that its
being thus used requires consideration; and it is said
that there is no instance like
فَعَلَهُ, aor.
يَفْعَلُهُ, inf. n.
فِعْلٌ, except
سَحَرَهُ, aor.
يَسْحَرُهُ, inf. n.
سِحْرٌ; or, to these may be added as
sometimes occurring,
خَدَعَ, aor.
يَخْدَعُ, inf. n.
خَدْعٌ and
خِدْعٌ, and
صَرَعَ, aor.
يَصْرَعُ, inf. n.
صَرْعٌ and
صِرْعٌ; (TA;) [
He did it]; namely, a
thing (S, O. [For further explanation see
فِعْلٌ below.]) [In the Kur. xxi. 73,] some
read
وَأَوْحَيْنَا
إِِلَيْهِمْ
فَعْلَ
الْخَيْرَاتِ
[
And we suggested to them the doing of good works];
(Lth, S, O;) others reading ↓
فِعْلَ
الخيرات. (Lth, O.) ― -b2- And one says also
فَعَلَ
بِهِ [
He did to him something]. (TA.)
[
فَعَلَ
اللّٰهُ
بِهِ is a form of imprecation, meaning
May
God do to him what He will do; i. e. may God punish
him: see an ex. voce
أَظْلَمُ. ― -b3- And
فَعَلَ
بِالمَرْأَةِ often occurs in trads. &c. as
meaning
He compressed the woman.] 2
تَفْعِيلٌ [inf. n. of
فعّل] is used by IJ as metonymically
signifying The
scanning of a verse; because the
names of the measures of its feet, all of them, have the
letters
ف and
ع and
ل for constituents, as when you say
فَعُولُنْ and
مَفَاعِيلنْ and
فَاعِلَاتُنْ and
فَاعِلُنْ &c. (TA.) 3
فَاْعَلَ [
فَاعَلَا,
inf. n.
فِعَالٌ, if used, app. signifies
They two
did a thing
together.] See
فِعَالٌ below. 7
انفعل quasi-pass. of 1: you say,
فَعَلْتُهُ
فَانْفَعَلَ
[
I did it, and it was done]; (S, Msb;) like your
saying
كَسَرْتُهُ
فَانْكَسَرَ.
(S.) [
الاِنْفِعَالُ
signifies
The suffering, or
receiving, the
effect of an act, whether the effect is intended by the
agent or
not: or, accord. to some,
particularly
when the effect is not intended: for
it is implied in a passage in the TA, that it is held by
some to be used particularly in cases in which the
effects are such as the blushing in consequence of
confusion, or shame, affecting one from the seeing a
person, and the emotion, or excitement, ensuing from the
hearing of singing, and the agitation of the passionate
lover at his seeing the object of his love : as a term
of logic, it is one of the ten predicaments, i. e.
passion, or
suffering.] It is said that to
every
فِعْل there is an
اِنْفِعَال, except to the act of creation,
which proceeds from God; for this is the bringing into
existence from a state of nonexistence, not from matter
[already existing to receive the effect of the act].
(TA.) 8
افتعل
عَلَيْهِ
كَذِبًا (Mgh, * O, Msb, * K) and
زُورًا (O)
He forged against him a lie.
(Mgh, * O, Msb, * K.) ― -b2- Hence the phrase
الخُطُوطُ
تُفْتَعَلُ i. e. [
Handwritings]
are
forged, or
falsified. (Mgh.) ― -b3- And
[hence] it used to be said,
أَعْذَبُ
الأَغَانِى
مَا
افْتُعِلَ
i. e. [
The sweetest of songs is]
such as has
been composed with originality, not in imitation of any
model: and
أَظْرَفُ
الشِّعْرِ
مَاافْتُعِلَ
[
The most eloquent of poetry is such as has been so
composed]. (TA.)
فَعْلٌ an inf. n. of 1. (S, O, Msb,
K.) -A2- And The
vulva of the she-camel, and
of any female. (K.)
فِعْلٌ : see 1, in two places: [as
a subst. from
فَعَلَهُ] it signifies [
A deed, or
an action: or]
a motion (
حَرَكَةٌ)
of a human being: (K:) or, as Sgh says, the
origination of anything, whether it be what is termed
عَمَلٌ [which means
work or
labour
or
service as well as
a deed or
an
action] or
other than it; so that it is more
general in application than
عَمَِلٌ: (TA:) or it is a metonymical term
for
any
عَمَل [meaning
deed or
action]
that is transitive (M, K, TA) or
intransitive
(M, TA:) or
a mode that is accidental to the producer
of an effect upon another [
person or
thing]
by reason of the producing of the effect at the
first; as the mode that ensues to the cutter by reason
of his being cutting: or, as Er-Rághib says, the
production of an effect considered with reference to an
agent thereof; and it is
common to that which is
by his, or
its, origination or otherwise, and to
that which is with knowledge or otherwise, and to that
which is by intention or otherwise, and to what proceeds
from the human being or the animal [
of any kind]
or the inanimate thing; and
عَمَلٌ and
صُنْعٌ are more particular in application:
El-Harállee says that the
فِعْل is
what has become apparent in
consequence of a motive of the efficient, whether from
knowledge or otherwise, by reason of premeditation
[for
لِتَدَيُّن (an obvious mistranscription in my
original) I read
لِتَدَبُّرٍ]
or otherwise: and El-Juweynee
says that it is
what is within the limits of a small
space of time, without repetition, or
reiteration, whereas the
عَمَل is what has been repeated, or
reiterated, and whereof the time has been long; but this
is repugned by the trad. [in which occurs the saying],
مَا
فَعَلَ
النُِّغَيْر [expl. in art.
نغر]; (TA:) the pl. is
فِعَالٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and
أَفْعَالٌ [a pl. of pauc.], (O, TA,) [and
أَفَاعِيلُ is app. a pl. pl., i. e. pl. of
أَفْعَالٌ, like
أقَاوِيلُ pl. of
أَقْوَالٌ which is pl. of
قَوْلٌ, and many other instances]: you say,
إِِنَّ
الرِّشَا
تَفْتَلُ
الأَفَاعِيلَ
وَتُنْسِى
إِِبْرَاهِيمَ
وَإِِسْمَاعِيلَ [
Verily bribes do
great
deeds, and cause the receivers
to forget
the principles of
Ibráheem and Ismá'eel, who are
esteemed models of true religion]. (TA. [This saying is
written in my original without any vowel-signs, perhaps
because well known: and it is there added that
الافاعيل may be pl. of
افعول (which has been altered by the copyist
and is probably a mistranscription for
أَفْعُولَةٌ) or of
افعال; with other remarks equally doubtful
and unimportant.]) [Hence,
بِالفِعْلِ meaning
Actually; as
opposed to
بِالقُوَّةِ i. e. potentially, or virtually.]
― -b2- As used by the grammarians, it means [
A verb;
i. e.]
what denotes a meaning in itself together with
any one of the three times [
past and present and
future: but it should be observed that it includes
the
مَصْدَر, or
infinitive noun; and also
that there is what is termed
فِعْلٌ
ناقِصٌ an incomplete, i. e.
non-attributive, verb (as
كَانَ coordinate to
صَارَ, &c.); as well as what is termed
فِعْلٌ
تَامٌّ a complete, i. e.
attributive, verb]. (TA.)
فَعْلَةٌ A single
فِعْل [i. e.
deed or
action], (Msb,
TA,) with fet-h. (Msb.) Thus in the saying in the Kur
[xxvi. 18],
وَفَعَلْتَ
فَعْلَتَكَ
ااَّتِى
فَعَلْتَ [lit.
And thou hast done thy one
deed that thou hast done]; as though the speaker
said,
فَتَلْتَ
النَّفْسَ
قَتْللَتَكَ: in which Esh-Shaabee read ↓
فِعْلَتَكَ [
thy kind of deed],
with kesr, as meaning
فَتَلْتَ
القِتْلَةَ
الَّتِى
قَدْ
عَرَفْتَهَا: so says Zj; but he adds that the
former reading is better. (TA.) And [hence also] one
says,
كَانَتْ
مِنْهُ
فَعْلَةٌ
حَسَنَةٌ or
قَبِيحَةٌ [
A good single deed proceeded
from him or
a bad one]. (S, O, TA.)
فِعْلَةٌ : see the next preceding
paragraph.
فَعِلَةٌ A custom, manner,
habit, or
wont. (K.) [
فِعْلِىٌّ Of, or
relating
to, a verb.] [
فِعْلِيَّةٌ The
quality of a
verb.]
فَعَالٌ , like
نَزَالِ, has sometimes occurred as meaning
اِفْعَلْ [
Do thou]. (O, K. *)
فَعَالٌ , (O, K,) accord. to Lth,
(O,) is a name for
A good doing, such as
liberality, or
bounty, (O,) and
generosity, (O, K, [the only meaning assigned to it
in the S,]) and
the like of these: (O:) or, (O,
K,) accord. to IAar, (O,) the
doing of a single
person, peculiarly, [as distinguished from
فِعَالٌ, q. v.,] (O,)
relating to good
and
to evil; (O, K;) one says,
فُلَانٌ
كَرِيمُ
الفَعَالِ [
Such a one is generous in
respect of doing or
doings], and
فُلَانٌ
لَئِيمُ
الفَعَالِ [
Such a one is mean in respect
of doing or
doings]; (O: [and the like is
said in the T and in the Msb;]) and Az says that this is
the correct explanation: not that of Lth; and Mbr
[likewise] says, it is used in commendation and in
discommendation: (O:) and it is
used only of a single
agent. (O, K.) ― -b2- It is also an inf. n. (S, O,
Msb. [See 1, first sentence.])
فِعَالٌ , as distinguished from
فَعَالٌ, signifies
A doing that is between
two [
agents]; (IAar, O, K, TA;) and therefore
it is an inf. n. of ↓
فَاعَلَ [a verb of which I have not found
any ex.]. (TA.) ― -b2- It is also a pl. of
فِعْلٌ. (S, O, Msb, K. -A2- Also The
handle, (K,) or
piece of wood that is inserted
into the hole, (IAar, IB, O,)
of the axe, or
adz, or
hoe: (IAar, IB, O, K:) pl.
فُعُلٌ. (K.)
فُعَالَةُ (with damm, O, TA, [in
the CK, erroneously,
فَعالَةُ,]) A metonymical appellation
substituted for
خُزَاعَةُ, (O, K, TA,) the well-known tribe
[thus named]. (TA.)
فَعَّالٌ [
Wont to do]. (Kur
xi. 109 and lxxxv. 16. [Thus in the phrase
فَعَّالٌ
لِمَا
يُرِيدُ Wont to do what He willeth:
relating to God.])
فَاعِلٌ [act. part. n. of 1,
Doing: and, used as a subst.,
a doer: and
hence]
a carpenter is thus called; accord. to
IAar: but it is now peculiarly applied to
such as
works with clay, [
and builds, and plasters,]
and digs foundations: (TA:) and [the pl.]
فَعَلَةٌ, (Mgh, K, TA,) as an epithet in
which the quality of a subst. predominates, is applied
to
workers in clay and
digging and
the
like; (K, TA;) or
such as work with their hands
in clay or
building or
digging; like
عَمَلَةٌ [pl. of
عَامِلٌ]. (Mgh.) ― -b2-
وَكُنَّا
فَاعِلِينَ, in the Kur [xxi. 79], means
And we were able to do what we willed. (O, TA.) And
وَالَّذِينَ
هُمْ
لِلزَّكٰوةِ
فَاعِلُونَ, in the same [xxiii. 4], means
And who give the
ذكوة [or
poor-rate]: (Zj, O, TA:) or,
as some say,
who do that which is good, or
righteous. (O, TA.)
مُفْتَعَلٌ A writing
forged,
or
falsified. (Mgh.) ― -b2- And Poetry
composed with originality, not in imitation of any
model. (TA.) ― -b3-
جَآءَ
بِالْمُفْتَعَلِ,
meaning
It produced a grievous, or
distressing, effect, (K, TA,) is a phrase mentioned
by IAar, as used by Ed-Dubeyree when asked respecting a
wound that he had received and that rendered him
sleepless, and as used by him in respect of anything
[unprecedented]: thus one says,
عَذَّبَنِى
وَجَعٌ
أَسْهَرَنِى
فَجَآءَ
بِالْمُفْتَعَلِ
i. e. [
A malady that rendered me sleepless, tormented
me,]
and produced pain that had not been known
before. (TA.) Credit:
Lane Lexicon