فلق

1 فَلَقَهُ  , aor. فَلِقَ , (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. فَلْقٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) He split it, clave it, or divided it lengthwise; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ فلّقهُ , (S, * K,) inf. n. تَفْلِيقٌ; (S;) or the latter has an intensive signification [or relates to a number of objects]. (O, * Msb.) 'Alee used often to swear by saying, وَالَّذِى فَلَقَ الحَبَّةَ وَبَرَأَ النَّسَمَةَ [By Him who clave the grain, making it to germinate, and created, or produced, man, or the soul]. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] فَلَقَ الصُّبْحَ, (S,) or الفَجْرَ, (TA,) said of God, (S, * TA,) He made the dawn [to break, or] to appear. (TA.) ― -b3- فلقت النَّخْلَةُ [app. فَلَقَت, the part. n. being فَالِقٌ, q. v.,] means The palm-tree split, or clave, from [around, i. e. so as to disclose,] the spathe. (TA.) ― -b4- And فَلَقَ فِى الأَرْضِ, aor. فَلِقَ , inf. n. فَلْقٌ, He ment far into the land; like غَلَقُ. (Ibn-'Abbád, O and TA in art. غلق.) -A2- And فَلْقٌ, (K,) as inf. n. of فَلَقَ in the phrase فَلَقَ صُوفَ الجِلْدِ, (TK,) signifies The plucking of the wool of the bide when it has become stinking; like مَرْقٌ. (K, TA. [كالمَرَقِّ, in the CK, is a mistake, for كالمَرْقِ.]) 2 فَلَّقَ see above, first sentence. 4 افلق  He did, or performed, or he uttered, what was admirable, or wonderful; (S, O, Msb, K, TA;) said of a man, (S, O, TA,) and (TA) of a poet, (S, * O, * Msb, K, TA,) in his poetry; (TA;) as also ↓ افتلق . (S, K.) [From فِلْقٌ, q, v.] ― -b2- And He brought to pass that which was a calamity; (K;) as also ↓ افتلق . (Lh, TA.) One says to a man, أَعْلَقْتَ وَأَفْلَقْتَ i. e. جِئْتَ بِعُلَقَ فُلَقَ, meaning [Thou hast brought to pass] that which is a calamity. (S, O, K. *) ― -b3- And افلق فِى الأمْرِ He was, or became, skilled in the affair. (TA.) 5 تَفَلَّقَ see 7, first sentence. [Hence] one says, تَصَدَّعَتِ البَيْضَةُ وَلَمْ تَتَفَلَّقْ [The egg cracked, or rather cracked in several places, but did not split apart, or did not split much]. (Az, S in art. قيض.) And of milk such as is termed رَائِب [q. v.] one says تفلّق meaning It became dissundered, or curdled, by reason of intense sourness: or, as heard by Az from some of the Arabs, it, being collected in a skin, and smitten by the heat of the sun, became dissundered, or curdled, so that the milk [or curds] became separate [from the whey]: and of such milk they loathe the drinking. (TA.) ― -b2- And تفلّق الصَّبْحُ: see 7. ― -b3- تفلّق said of a boy: see Q. Q. 2. ― -b4- See also 8, in two places. 7 انفلق  It became split, cleft, or cloven, or divided lengthwise; it split, clave, or clave asunder; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ تفلّق ; (S, Mgh, * K;) [or] the latter signifies تَشَقَّقَ [i. e. it became split, &c., much, or in pieces, or in several or many places]. (O, Msb.) The former occurs in the Kur xxvi. 63, said of the sea [as meaning It clave asunder]. (O.) ― -b2- [Hence,] انفلق الصُّبْحُ (S and K in art. عطس) and ↓ تفلّق (TA in the present art.) The dawn broke. (TA in explanation of the latter.) 8 افتلق  He (a man, TA) strove, or exerted himself, so that he excited wonder by reason of his vehemence in running; as also ↓ تفلّق and ↓ تَفَيْلَقَ . (K.) One says, مَرَّ يَفْتَلِقُ فِى عَدْوِهِ, (S, O,) and فِيهِ ↓ يَتَفَلَّقُ , and ↓ يَتَفَيْلَقُ , (O,) He passed along doing what was wonderful by reason of his vehemence in his running. (S, O.) See also 4, in two places. Q. Q. 2 تَفَيْلَقَ  , said of a boy, He became big, or bulky, and fat, or plump; (O, K, TA;) as also ↓ تفلّق ; both mentioned in the “ Nawádir. ” (TA.) ― -b2- See also 8, in two places. فَلْقٌ ذ , (AHeyth, TA,) or ↓ فَلَقٌ , (S, O, TA,) the former said by AHeyth to be the more correct, (TA,) A split, fissure, cleft, or longitudinal division; syn. شَقٌّ: pl. فُلُوقٌ: (S, O, TA:) and ↓ فَلَقٌ (Lh, K, TA) [or فَلْقٌ?] signifies also [particularly] a fissure, or cleft, (شَقٌّ) in a mountain; (Lh, K, TA;) and so ↓ فَالِقٌ : (K, TA:) and a شِعْب [app. meaning gap, or ravine, or pass]. (TA.) One says, مَرَرْتُ بِحَرَّةٍ فِيهَا فُلُوقٌ, meaning شُقُوقً [i. e. I passed by a stony tract such as is termed حَرَّة in which were fissures, or clefts]. (S, O.) And فِى رِجْلِهِ فُلُوقٌ i. e. شُقُوقٌ [In his foot, or leg, are fissures or clefts]. (As, S, O, * K.) And كَلَّمَنِى مِنْ فَلْقِ فِيهِ (Lh, S, O, K) and ↓ فِلْقِ فِيهِ, (Lh, S, K,) the former of which is the more known, (TA,) meaning مِنْ شَقِّهِ [He spoke to me from out the fissure of his mouth, i. e., with his lips, not by means of a spokesman]. (K.) And ضرَبَهُ عَلَى فَلْقِ رَأْسِهِ He struck him on the place where his hair was separated, the middle of his head. (TA.) ― -b2- See also فَلَقٌ. -A2- And see the paragraph here following, last quarter. فِلْقٌ  : see the next preceding paragraph. -A2- See also فِلْقَةٌ, in two places. ― -b2- Also A rod, or branch, that is split in two, (S, O, K,) [i. e., in halves,] and of which are then made two bows, each whereof is termed فِلْقٌ, (S, O,) [or] each half (كُلُّ شِقٍّ [in the CK شَقٍّ]) of what is thus split is termed فِلْقٌ: (K, TA:) and thus is termed a bow that is made of the half of a branch, (K, TA,) the branch being split in two; and it is also termed قَوْسٌ فِلْقٌ, the latter word being thus used as an epithet, on the authority of Lh: or, as AHn says, the bow termed فِلْقٌ is one of which the wood whereof it has been made has been previously split in two, or three, pieces: and he also says that ↓ فَلِيقٌ [app. for قَوْسٌ فَلِيقٌ] signifies a bow of which the piece of wood has been split in two pieces. (TA.) [See also شَرِيجٌ, in two places: and see فَرْعٌ.] -A3- Also A wonderful thing or affair or case; (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ فَلِيقٌ , (K,) and ↓ فَيْلَقٌ , (TA,) and ↓ فَلِيقَةٌ , (O, * TA,) of which last an ex. occurs in the prov., “ يَا عَجَبِى لِهٰذَهِ الفَلِيقَهٌ
هَلْ تَغْلِبَنَّ القُوَبَآءُ الرِّيقَهُ
” [O my wonder at this wonderful thing! Does the ringworm indeed overcome the spittle?]: AA says, the meaning is, that he was in wonder at the alteration of usual occurrences; for the spittle usually dispels the ringworm, so he spat upon his ringworm, but it did not become healed: القوبآء is made an agent; and الريقة, an objective complement. (O, TA.) ― -b2- And A calamity, or misfortune; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ فِلْقَةٌ , (K, TA, accord. to the CK ↓ فَلْقٌ ,) and ↓ فَلِيقٌ , (O, K,) and ↓ فَلِيقَةٌ , (S, O, K,) and ↓ فَلْقَى (K, TA) or ↓ فَلَقَى , (TA,) and ↓ فَيْلَقٌ , (O and CK,) and ↓ مَفْلَقَةٌ . (IDrd, O, K.) The Arabs say, ↓ يَا لِلْفَلِيقَةِ O [come with succour] to the calamity. (S, O.) And ↓ جَآءَ بِعُلَقَ فُلَقَ , (S, O, K,) imperfectly decl., (S, O,) i. e. [He brought to pass] that which was a calamity: (S, O, K:) and ↓ بِعُلَقً فُلَقٍ : (O, K:) or this means a very wonderful thing. (TA.) فَلَقٌ  : see فَلْقٌ, first sentence, in two places. ― -b2- Also The daybreak, or dawn; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ فَلْقٌ , mentioned by Z and others; (TA;) and thus the former has been expl. as signifying in the Kur cxiii. 1: (S, O, TA:) or what has broken (انفلق) of the عَمُود of the dawn; (Fr. K, TA;) i. e. [of the bright gleam of dawn; of the dawn that rises and spreads, filling the horizon with its whiteness; or] the extending light that is like the [long tent called] عَمُود: (TA:) or [simply] the light of daybreak or dawn: (Msb, K: *) or the appearing of the daybreak or dawn: (Zj, TA:) and فَلَقُ الصُّبْحِ signifies the light, and shining, or bright shining, of the daybreak or dawn: (TA:) one says, هُوَأَبْيَنُ مِنْ فَلَقِ الصُّبْحِ and فَرَقِ الصُّبْحِ [It is more distinct than what has broken of the bright gleam of dawn]. (O, TA.) ― -b3- And [hence,] The plain appearing of the truth after its having been dubious. (TA.) -A2- Also A law, or depressed, place of the earth, between two kills, or elevated grounds; (As, S, O, K;) as also ↓ فَالِقٌ , (S, O, K,) and ↓ فَالِقَةٌ , (K,) which last is said by Aboo-Kheyreh, or some other, of the Arabs of the desert, to be in the midst of mountains, giving growth to trees, a place where people alight and where camels, or other cattle, remain during the cold night, saying that the ↓ فَالِق is of hard, or hard and level, ground; (TA:) and the pl. of فَلَقٌ is فُلْقَانٌ (S, K, TA) and أَفْلَاقٌ also: (TA:) or فَلَقٌ, (K,) or ↓ فَالِقٌ , (TA,) signifies a wide tract of land or ground, between two extended tracts of sand; (K, TA;) and the pl. of the latter word is فُلْقَانٌ, like as حُجْرَانٌ is pl. of حَاجِرٌ. (TA.) -A3- And الفَلَقُ signifies Hell; syn. جَهَنَّمُ: (K:) or a certain well (جُبٌّ) therein. (Es-Suddee, O, K.) -A4- And The whole creation; all the beings, or things, that are created. (Zj, S, O, K.) This, accord. to some, is the meaning in the Kur cxiii. 1. (S, O.) -A5- And What remains, of milk, in the bottom of the bowl; whence one says, (in reviling a person, attributing to him meanness, TA,) يَا ابْنَ شَارِبِ الفَلَقِ [O son of the drinker of what remains &c.]. (K, TA.) ― -b2- And The milk that is in a dissundered, or curdled, state, by reason of sourness; as also ↓ مُتَفَلِّقٌ . (K.) -A6- And The مِقْطَرَة of the keeper of a prison; (S, O, * K;) i. e. [a kind of stocks;] a piece of wood in which are holes of the size of the shank, wherein men are confined, (K, TA,) i. e. thieves and waylayers, (TA,) in a row: (K, TA:) whence the saying of Z, بَاتَ فُلَانٌ فِى الشَّفَقِ وَالفَلَقِ مِنَ الشَّفَقِ إِِلَى الفَلَقِ i. e. [Such a one passed the night] in fear and the مقطرة [from the time of the redness of the region of sunset after the setting of the sun until the dawn]. (TA.) See also فَلَقَةٌ. جَآءَ بِعُلَقَ فُلَقَ  : and بِعُلَقٍ فُلَقٍ: see فِلْقٌ, last sentence. الفَلْقَةُ  A certain brand, beneath the ear of a camel, (O, K,) in the form of a ring in the middle of which is a perpendicular line dividing it [from top to bottom, and, in some copies of the K, extending downwards so that about half of its length is below the ring]. (O, K. * [In some copies of the latter it is figured, but somewhat differently in different copies.]) ― -b2- See also فَلَقَةٌ. فِلْقَةٌ  A piece [properly that has been split off] (Mgh, Msb, KL) of a thing; as also ↓ فِلْقٌ : (KL:) or a fragment, or piece broken off, (S, O, K, TA) of bread, or of a [bowl such as is termed] جَفْنَة, (TA,) or of this latter the half, (S, O, K, TA,) as in the saying أَعْطِنِى فِلْقَةَ الجَفْنَةِ [Give thou to me the half of the bowl, perhaps meaning, of its contents], (S, O, TA,) or, as some say, one of the divided halves thereof: (TA:) the pl. of فِلْقَةٌ is فِلَقٌ: (Mgh, TA; *) and [↓ فِلَاقٌ is app. a pl., like أَفْلَاقٌ, (and perhaps فُلُوقٌ, mentioned voce فُلَاقٌ,) and ↓ فُلَاقٌ a quasi-pl. n., of ↓ فِلْقٌ , all agreeably with analogy; whence] one says, صَارَ ↓ البَيْضُ فِلَاقًا , and ↓ فُلَاقًا , meaning أَفْلَاقًا, (S, O, K,) i. e. [The eggs became fragments; or it means, became cleft in pieces; or] became much cleft, or cleft in many places. (K, TA. [See also فَلَاقٌ and فِلَاقٌ below.]) -A2- See also فِلْقٌ, last quarter. فَلَقَةٌ ذ [signifies, in the present day, A thick staff, to the ends of which are attacked the two ends of a rope, by means whereof a man's legs are secured, between the rope and the staff, when he is bastinaded; and it is also called ↓ فَلَقٌ : this may perhaps be meant by its being said in the TA, on the authority of Lh, that الفَلَقَةُ signifies الخَشَبَةُ; as also ↓ الفَلْقَةُ ]. فَلْقَى  , or فَلَقَى: see فِلْقٌ, last quarter. فَلْقَآءُ الضَّرَّةِ  A ewe, or she-goat, (شَاةٌ,) wide, or ample, in the udder. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) فُلْقَانٌ  A sheer, or an unmixed, lie. (IAar, O, K.) [It is also a pl.: see فَلَقٌ, in two places.] فُلَاقٌ  : see فِلْقَةٌ, in two places. ― -b2- Also, (O, K,) and فُلُوقٌ, (thus in the O,) or ↓ فَلُوقٌ , like صَبُورٌ, (thus in the K, [but this I think questionable,]) Milk becoming, or become, like cheese: (O, K:) [or فُلَاقٌ may be here a quasi-pl. n. of فِلْقٌ (q. v. voce فِلْقَةٌ), so that the meaning may be, that has become cleft portions of curd; and فُلُوقٌ may also mean thus as a pl. of فِلْقٌ. See also the next paragraph.] فِلَاقٌ : see فِلْقَةٌ, in two places. ― -b2- Also The state of milk's becoming thick and sour, so that it curdles, or becomes dissundered: (IAar, K, TA:) [or it may be here a pl. of فِلْقٌ (q. v. voce فِلْقَةٌ), for in a verse cited by IAar the milk in this case is termed ذُو فِلَاقٍ, so that it may mean the separate portions of curd of milk that has become thick and sour; though it is said in the TA that its pl. is فُلُوقٌ, for this I think very questionable. See also the next preceding paragraph] فَلُوقٌ  : see فُلَاقٌ. فَلِيقٌ  : see فِلْقٌ, former half. ― -b2- Also The depressed place in the جِرَان [or under part of the neck] of the camel, where is the passage of the windpipe: (S, O, K:) or, accord. to Lth, the part that is [as though it were] cleft, of the interior of the neck of the camel: (O, TA:) or, as some say, the part between the [two sinews called the] عِلْبَاوَانِ, when the fur between these is [as though it were] cleft: and it is not said in relation to a human being. (TA.) ― -b3- And الفَلِيقُ also signifies [The cephalic vein;] a certain vein in the upper arm, (O, K,) that runs to the [cartilage called] نُغْضِ of the shoulder-blade: it is the vein of the وَاهِنَة; and is [also] called الجَائِفُ [q. v., and see also الوَرِيدُ.] (O.) And A certain vein that swells up in the neck. (K.) -A2- See, again, فِلْقٌ, in two places. فُلَاقَةُ آجُرٍّ  A piece of baked brick: (Lh, K:) pl. فِلَاقٌ. (So in copies of the K. [Probably a mistranscription for ↓ فُلَاقٌ , which, if correct, is properly a coll. gen. n.]) فَلِيقَةٌ  : see فِلْقٌ, in three places. -A2- Also A quantity collected together, (فَلِيلَةٌ, K, TA, in the O without any point to the first letter,) or a small quantity, (قَلِيلَةٌ, thus in some copies of the K,) of hair: (O, K, TA:) mentioned by Ibn-'Abbád. (O, TA.) -A3- And A sort of broth; thus termed by the people of El-Medeeneh; occurring in a trad. as related by Ibráheem El-Harbee; (O;) or a pottage (قِدْرٌ) that is cooked, and into which fragments (فِلَق, i. e. كِسَر,) of bread are crumbled: (TA:) but accord. to AA, it is called فَرِيقَةٌ only. (O, TA.) فُلُّوقٌ  : see مُفَلَّقٌ. فُلَّيْقٌ  : see مُفَلَّقٌ. فَالِقٌ  Splitting, cleaving, or dividing lengthwise. (TA.) فَالِقُ الْحَبِّ وَالنَّوَى, (O, K, *) in the Kur [vi. 95], (O,) means The Cleaver of the dry grain so as to produce therefrom green leaves [and of the date-stone]: or, as some say, the Creator thereof. (O, K. *) And hence the saying of Áïsheh, إِِنَّ البُكَآءَ فَالِقٌ كَبِدِى [Verily weeping is cleaving my liver]. (TA.) ― -b2- Hence, also, in the Kur [vi. 96], فَالِقٌ الإِِصْبَاحِ He who causeth the dawn to break: in which instance, also, فالق has reference to the meaning of Creator: (O, TA:) so says Zj. (TA.) ― -b3- نَخْلَةٌ فَالِقٌ means A palmtree splitting, or cleaving from [around, i. e. so as to disclose,] the spathe: (O, K, * TA:) pl. فُلْقٌ. (TA.) ― -b4- الفَوَالِقُ as pl. of الفَالِقُ signifies The veins that divide [so as to form ramifying veins (thus I render ↓ العُرُوقُ المُتَفَلِّقَةُ ）] in the human being. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, TA.) ― -b5- See also فَلْقٌ, first sentence. ― -b6- And see فَلَقٌ, former half, in three places. ― -b7- الوَرِكَةِ ↓ خَلَّيْتُهُ بِفَالِقَةِ , or, as in the T, بِفَالِقِ الوركآء, [thus in the TA, but I think that الوركة and الوركآء are evidently mistran- scriptions, and that the right reading is الوَدْكَآءِ, with دال,] meaning [I left him in the low, or depressed, tract in the midst of] the sand [called El-Wedkà]. (TA.) فَيْلَقٌ  An army; a military force: (S, O, K:) or a great [military force such as is termed] كَتِيبَة: (Kt, Msb, TA:) this is the primary signification, and the only one known to Kt: (TA:) pl. فَيَالِقُ. (S, K.) One says, رَمَاهُمْ بِفَيْلَقٍ شَهْبَآءَ, meaning [He assailed them] with a formidable [great] كَتِيبَة. (TA.) ― -b2- And A great, big, or large, man: (O, K:) occurring in this sense in a trad., as an epithet applied to Ed-Dejjál: Kt doubted whether it were thus or فَيْلَمٌ; but Az affirms that both have this meaning. (O.) And one says, بُلِىَ فُلَانْ بِامْرَأَةٍ فَيْلَقٍ, meaning [Such a one was tried, or afflicted, with a woman, or wife,] cunning, evil, and clamourous. (TA.) ― -b3- See also فِلْقٌ, in two places. -A2- Also [The cocoon of a silk-worm;] the thing from which قَزّ is obtained; an arabicized word. (Msb voce فَيْلَجٌ, q. v.: mentioned also in the Mgh, in art. فرش.) فَالِقَةٌ  , as a subst.: see فَلَقٌ, former half: and see also فَالِقٌ, last sentence. فُتِلَ فُلَانٌ أَفْلَقَ قِتْلَةٍ  means Such a one was slain with the hardest, or most violent, sort of slaughter. (Lh, TA.) ― -b2- And مَا رَأَيْتُ سَيْرًا أَفْلَقَ مِنْ هٰذَا I have not seen a journey further in extent than this. (Lh, TA.) مُفْلِقٌ  A poet who poetizes admirably, or wonderfully. (S, O.) مَفْلَقَةٌ : see فِلْقٌ, last quarter. مُفَلَّقٌ  , applied to a peach, and an apricot, and the like, that splits, or cleaves, from [around, i. e. so as to disclose,] its stone, and becomes dry: and ↓ فَلُّوقٌ , with damm to the ف, and also to the ل, with teshdeed, signifies such as does not become dry: (Msb:) or ↓ فُلَّيْقٌ , (S, O, K,) with damm and [then] teshdeed, (S,) like قُبَّيْطٌ, (O, K,) signifies, applied to a peach, that splits, or cleaves, from [around] its stone: and مُفَلَّقٌ, such as becomes dry. (S, K.) مِفْلَاقٌ  A man low, ignoble, or mean, and poor, or destitute: (Lth, O, K:) or one who possesses no property: pl. مَفَالِيقُ: and to such is likened such as possesses no knowledge nor understanding of a juridical decision. (O.) And A man who does, or utters, evil, or disliked, or hateful, things. (TA.) مَفْلُوقٌ  A camel marked with the brand termed فَلْقَة [q. v.]. (O, K.) مُتَفَلِّقٌ  : see فَلَقٌ, last quarter: ― -b2- and see فَالِقٌ. Credit: Lane Lexicon