شفو and شفى

1 شَفَتِ الشَّمْسُ  , aor. 1َ2ُ3َ , [inf. n. app. شَفًا, but said in the TK to be شَفْوٌ,] The sun was, or became, near to setting: (K in art. شفو:) and شَفَت, (K in art. شفى,) [aor. 1َ2ِ3َ ,] inf. n. شَفًا, (TA,) it (the sun) set; as also شَفِيَت: (K:) or, accord. to IKtt, set save a little; and the like is said in the T. (TA.) قُبَيْلَ الشَّفَا means A little before the setting of the sun. (TA.) [See also شَفًا below.] ― -b2- And شَفَا said of the هِلَال [or moon a little after or before the change], It rose. (K.) And said of a شَخْص [or bodily form or figure seen from a distance, or a person], It, or he, appeared, or became apparent. (K.) -A2- شَفَاهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. 1َ2ِ3َ , (Msb, K,) inf. n. شِفَآءٌ, (S, Msb,) He (God, S, Msb) recovered him, or restored him to convalescence, syn. أَبْرَأَهُ, so in the M, but in the K بَرَاهُ, (TA,) namely a sick person, (Msb,) مِنْ مَرَضِهِ [from his disease, or sickness]. (S, TA.) ― -b2- [Hence, شَفَيْتُهُ, in art. بضع in the S, said by a person respecting one who asked him concerning a question, as meaning (assumed tropical:) I relieved him from doubt: and شَفَاهُ عَنِ المَسْأَلَةِ in the same art. in the K, as meaning (assumed tropical:) He relieved him from doubt respecting the question. See 8 as quasi-pass. of the verb thus used.] ― -b3- And يَشْفِيكَ إِِنْ قَالَ (assumed tropical:) [He will please thee if he speak; i. e.] his speech will please thee. (Har p. 433.) ― -b4- شَفَاهُ also signifies He sought, or demanded, or desired, for him, recovery, or restoration to convalescence; and so ↓ أَشْفَاهُ : (K, TA:) thus in the M. (TA.) 2 شفّاهُ بِكُلِ شَىْءٍ  , inf. n. تَشْفِيَةٌ, He treated him medically, or curatively, with everything whereby he might attain recovery, or restoration to convalescence. (TA.) ― -b2- مَا شَفَّى فُلَانٌ أَفْضَلُ مِمَّا شَفَّيْتَ i. e. مَا ازْدَادَ and رَبِحَ [meaning The gain of such a one (ما being here what is termed مَصْدَرِيَّة, as اِزْدَادَ and رَبِحَ are intrans.,) is more excellent than thy gain] is said to be an instance of substitution, [originally شَفَّفَ and شَفَّفْتَ,] like [قَصَّى and تَقَصَّى and] تَقَضَّى [for قَصَّصَ and تَقَصَّصَ and تَقَضَّضَ]. (TA.) 3 مُشَافَاةٌ  [an inf. n. of which the verb, if used, is شَافَى]: see 3 in art. شفه. 4 اشفى عَلَيْهِ  He was, or became, on the brink of it; (S, Msb, K, TA;) namely, a thing; and death: (S, Msb:) mostly used in relation to evil, but also in relation to good: so says IKtt. (TA.) [See شَفًا.] ― -b2- And اشفى [alone] (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, at the point of [giving or receiving] a charge or an injunction, or a trust or deposit. (TA.) ― -b3- And (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, in the last part of the night; which is termed شَفَا اللَّيْلِ. (TA.) -A2- أَشْفَى نَفْسَهُ عَلَى هُلْكٍ (K and TA in art. خطر) and اشفى بِهَا (TA in the same) i. e. عَلَى شَفَا هُلْكٍ [meaning (assumed tropical:) He caused himself to be on the brink of destruction]. (TA ibid.) -A3- اشفاهُ He gave him a remedial medicine. (Az, TA.) And He prescribed for him a remedy in which should be his recovery, or restoration to convalescence. (TA.) And أَشْفَيْتُكَ الشَّىْءَ (S, K *) I gave thee the thing in order that thou shouldst attain, or seek, recovery, or restoration to convalescence, thereby. (S: in two copies thereof, بِهِ ↓ تَشْتَفِى : in two other copies thereof, and in like manner in the K, بِهِ ↓ تَسْتَشْفِى .) And اشفاهُ اللّٰهُ عَسَلًا God made honey to be his remedy. (AO, S: and the like is said by IKtt as cited in the TA.) ― -b2- See also 1, last sentence. ― -b3- اشفى also signifies (assumed tropical:) He gave [a person] something. (TA.) 5 تشفّى  : see 8 [with which it is syn.]. ― -b2- [Hence,] تشفّى مِنْ غَيْظِهِ (S, MA, K) (assumed tropical:) He recovered from his anger, wrath, or rage. (MA.) And تشفّى مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ, (T, TA,) or بِالعَدُوِّ, and به ↓ اشتفى , (Msb,) (assumed tropical:) He inflicted injury upon his enemy [or the enemy] in a manner that rejoiced him [or relieved him from his anger]: (T, TA:) [or he attained what he desired from his enemy or the enemy, and so appeased his anger:] because latent anger is like a disease; and when it departs by reason of that which one seeks to obtain from his enemy, he is as though he became free, or recovered, from his disease. (Msb.) 6 تَشَافَيْتُ المَآءَ  a phrase mentioned by IAar as meaning I exhausted the water: said by ISd to be originally تَشَافَفْتُ. (TA in art. شف.) 8 اشتفى بِكَذَا  (S, K, TA) He attained recovery, or restoration to convalescence, by means of such a thing: (TA;) and so ↓ تشفّى : (TK:) and مِنْ عِلَّتِهِ ↓ استشفى [if not a mistranscription for اشتفى] he became free from his disease, sickness, or malady; recovered from it; or became convalescent. (TA.) See 4, latter part. ― -b2- And see also 5. ― -b3- [Also (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, content with such a thing; or relieved from doubt thereby: and] (assumed tropical:) he profited by such a thing. (MA.) One says, اِشْتَفَيْتُ بِمَا أَخْبَرَنِى فُلَانٌ (assumed tropical:) I was, or became, content with that which such a one told me, [or relieved from doubt thereby,] because it was true. (IB in art. حك, from Az.) And أَخْبَرَهُ فُلَانٌ فَاشْتَفَى بِهِ (assumed tropical:) [Such a one gave him information] and he profited by his veracity. (TA.) 10 استشفى  He sought, or demanded, a remedy, or cure. (TA.) See 4, latter part. ― -b2- And see also 8. شَفًا  The point or extremity, verge, brink, or edge, of anything; (S, Msb, K, &c.;) like ↓ شَفَةٌ ; for شَفَا الحُفْرَةِ (Ksh in iii. 99) or شَفَا البِئْرِ (Bd ibid.) and شَفَتُهَا both signify the same, (Ksh, Bd,) i. e. حَرْفُهَا (Ksh) or طَرَفُهَا; (Bd;) but the final و in the former is changed into ا, and in the latter [accord. to those who hold شَفَةٌ to be originally شَفْوَةٌ] it is elided; (Ksh, Bd;) شَفًا being originally شَفَوٌ: (Bd:) [but شَفًا generally signifies as expl. above; and شَفَةٌ almost always signifies the “ lip ” of a human being:] the dual is شَفَوَانِ; this being known, as Akh says, by the fact that إِِمَالَة in the word شَفًا is not allowable: (S:) and the pl. is أَشْفَآءٌ. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [iii. 99], وَكُنْتُمْ عَلَى شَفَا حُفْرَةٌ مِنَ النَّارِ فَأَنْقَذَكُمْ مِنْهَا [And ye were on the verge, or brink, of a pit of the fire of Hell, and He saved, or rescued, you from it]. (S.) And one says, هُوَ عَلَى شَفَا الهَلَاكِ (tropical:) [He is on the brink of destruction]. (TA.) ― -b2- Also (tropical:) A little; (S, A, K, TA;) a small part, or portion; somewhat; (A, TA;) somewhat remaining of the moon when near the change, (K, TA, [الهَلاك in the CK is erroneously put for الهِلَال,]) and of the sight (البَصَر), and of the day, and the like, as in the T. (TA.) One says of a man on the occasion of his dying, and of the moon at [the last period of the month called] its مُحَاق, and of the sun at its setting, (S,) مَا بَقِىَ مِنْهُ إِِلَّا شَفًا [and مِنْهَا when said of the sun] (assumed tropical:) There has not remained of him, or it, save a little: (S, K: *) and [in like manner] مِنَ العُمُرِ [of life]. (S.) And one says, أَتَيْتُهُ بِشَفًا مِنْ ضَوْءِ الشَّمْسِ (assumed tropical:) [I came to him in a time when there was little remaining of the light of the sun]. (TA.) El-'Ajjáj says, “ أَشْرَفْتُهُ بِلَا شَفًا أَوْ بِشَفَا
وَمِرْبَأٍ عَالٍ لِمَنٌ تَشَرَّفَا
” meaning [Many an elevated place of observation, high to him who ascends it, I have ascended] when the sun had set or when there was somewhat of it remaining. (S.) One says also, صَارَ فِى شَفَا القَمَرِ meaning (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, in the last part of the night. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., (in relation to [the temporary marriage termed] المُتْعَة,) فَلَوْ لَا نَهْيُهُ عَنْهَا مَا احْتَاجَ إِِلَى الزِّنَا إِِلَّا شَفًا, accord. to the T meaning [Were it not for his (i. e. God's) forbidding it, none would need having recourse to fornication,] save a small number of men: (T, TA:) or, accord. to 'Atà, it means, but would be on the brink thereof, without falling into it; شَفًا being thus used in the place of the inf. n. إِِشْفَآء: so says IAth, as from Az. (TA.) شَفَةٌ  , in which the deficient letter is و, (K, TA,) for it has for pl. شَفَوَاتٌ, (TA,) or ه, (K, TA,) for it has [also] for pl. شِفَاهٌ, (TA,) has been mentioned before, (K, TA,) in art. شفه [q. v.]. (TA.) ― -b2- See also شَفًا above, first sentence. شِفَآءٌ  , (K, TA,) like كِسَآءٌ, (TA,) [in the CK erroneously written شَفاء,] primarily signifies The becoming free from disease, sickness, or malady; recovering therefrom; or becoming convalescent: ― -b2- and then, Medical, or curative, treatment: (TA:) the giving of health; (KL:) inf. n. of شَفَاهُ [q. v.]: (S, Msb, TA:) ― -b3- and [then], (TA,) A medicine, or remedy: pl. أَشْفِيَةٌ, and pl. pl. أَشَافٍ. (K, TA.) [Hence, دَارُ الشِفَآءِ The hospital.] ― -b4- [And hence,] one says, شِفَآءُ العِىِّ السُّؤَالُ (tropical:) [The remedy of inability is the asking information]. (TA.) شَفِىٌّ  : see art. شفه. شُفَيَّةٌ  : see art. شفه. شَفَوِىٌّ  : see art. شفه. شَافٍ  [Recovering, or restoring to convalescence; remedial;] health-giving. (KL.) ― -b2- [Hence, جَوَابٌ شَافٍ (assumed tropical:) An answer that relieves from doubt.] أَشْفَى  More [and most remedial or] healthgiving. (KL.) -A2- Also A man whose lips do not close together: fem. شَفْيَآءُ. (TA.) See أَشْفَهُ, in art. شفه. إِِشْفًى An instrument for perforating; (K;) a thing pertaining to the makers or sewers of boots or shoes or sandals &c.; (S;) [i. e.] the awl used by them: (MA, KL:) and the instrument with which leather, or skin, is sewed: (Mgh, K:) or, accord. to ISk, it is [an instrument used] for water-skins and water-bags and the like; and the مِخْصَف is for sandals: (S:) [see also art. اشف:] masc. and fem.: (K, * TA:) pl. أَشَافٍ. (Mgh, TA.) ― -b2- Th mentions the saying, إِِنْ لَاطَمْتَهُ لَاطَمْتَ الإِِشْفَى [if thou contend with him in slapping, thou wilt do so with the اشفى]; meaning that when one does so, it will be against himself. (TA.) ― -b3- And إِِشْفَى المِرْفَقِ, a phrase used by a poet, means (assumed tropical:) Sharp in the elbow. (TA.) Credit: Lane Lexicon