فيأ
1 فَآءَ , aor. يَفِىْءُ, inf. n. فَىْءٌ (S, O, Msb) and فُيُوْءٌ, (O,) He (a man, Msb) returned; (S, O, Msb;) and so ↓ افآء , and ↓ استفآء : (M, TA:) فَىْءٌ, as also ↓ فَيْئَةٌ and ↓ فِيئَةٌ , [or the former of these, accord. to analogy, is an inf. n. of unity, and the latter an inf. n. of modality,] and إِِفَآءَةٌ and اِستِفَآءَةٌ al' signify رُجُوعٌ: (K:) or, accord. to some, فَآءَ signifies particularly he returned to a good state or condition. (MF, TA.) One says, فَآءَ مِنْ غَضَبِهِ He returned [to a good state, or recovered, from his anger]: (M, TA:) and فُلَانٌ سَرِيعُ الفَىْءِ مِنْ غَضَبِهِ [Such a one is quick in respect of the returning &c. from his anger]: (S, M, * O:) and ↓ إِِنَّهُ لَسَرِيعُ الفِيْئَةِ , (M,) or ↓ لَحَسَنُ الفِيْئَةِ , (S, O,) i. e. [Verily he is quick, or good, in respect of] the returning [to a good state, or from his anger, or in respect of the manner of returning &c.]: (S, M, O:) and ↓ هُوَ سَرِيعُ الغَضَبِ سَرِيعُ الفِيْئَةِ [He is quick in respect of anger, quick in respect of returning, or recovering, therefrom]. (A, TA.) And فَآءَ إِِلَى الأَمْرِ, and فَآءَهُ [i. e. فَآءَ الأَمْرَ], inf. n. فَىْءٌ and فُيُوْءٌ, He returned [to the affair, or to the command, i. e. to that which was commanded]. (M, TA.) حَتَّى تَفِىْءَ إِِلَى أَمْرِ ا@للّٰهِ , in the Kur xlix. 9, means Until it [referring to a party (طَائِفَة) before mentioned] return to the ordinance of God, or to that which God has commanded: (Bd:) or until it return (T, Msb) to obedience, (T,) or to that which is right. (Msb.) And فَآءَ إِِلَى الأَمْرِ, inf. n. فَىْءٌ, signifies also He reconsidered the affair, or case. (TA.) ― -b2- فَآءَ المُؤْلِى (M, Msb, K) مِنِ ا@مْرَأَتِهِ, (M, K,) inf. n. فَىْءٌ, (TA,) or ↓ فَيْئَةٌ , (Msb,) means The man who had sworn to abstain from conjugal intercourse with his wife expiated his oath and returned to her. (M, Msb, * K. [See Kur ii. 226.]) But MF observes that this usage of فَآءَ to signify He expiated an oath belongs to the conventional language of the law. (TA.) In the case of a man who has sworn that he will abstain from conjugal intercourse with his wife, a period of four months is appointed to him in the Kur-án; and if he have such intercourse with her in the four months, it is said of him, قَدْ فَآءَ, meaning He has returned [or reverted] from his oath, to the doing that which he swore that he would not do, and is bound to expiate his oath: if he have not had such intercourse with her until the end of the four months from the day of his swearing, then, Ibn-'Abbás and a number of the Companions pass upon her a single sentence of divorce, making the [said sentence of] divorce to have effect at the end of the months; but many of the Companions and others say that in this case he must return, and expiate his oath, or he must divorce. (T, TA.) And [hence] one says ↓ لَهُ عَلَى امْرَأَتِهِ فَيْئَةٌ He has the right of returning to his wife: (Msb, TA:) and هُوَ يَمْلِكُ ↓ فَيْئَتَهَا He possesses the right of returning to her; namely, a wife whom he has divorced. (A, TA.) ― -b3- الفَىْءُ عَلَى ذِى الرَّحِمِ occurs in a trad. as meaning The being favourably inclined, or affectionate, to the relation; and returning to kind treatment of him. (TA.) ― -b4- فَآءَ said of the shade, (M, Msb,) aor. يَفِىْءُ, (Msb,) inf. n. فَىْءٌ, (M, Msb, K, *) It shifted, or removed; (M, K; *) or [rather] it returned from the side of the west to the side of the east: (Msb:) and الظِّلَالُ ↓ تَفَيَّأَتِ The shades became changed in their manner of being; (S, O;) or [rather] they returned [towards the east] after midday. (T, TA. [See the Kur-án xvi. 50.]) ― -b5- And فَآءَتِ الشَّجَرَةُ; and ↓ تفيّأت ; (M;) and ↓ فيّأت , inf. n. تَفِيْئَةٌ; (S, O, TA;) The tree had much shade. (M, TA.) فَآءَتِ الحَدِيدَةُ The iron implement became blunt after its being sharp. (T, TA.) -A2- فِئْتُ الغَنِيمَةَ, (mentioned, but not expl., in the K,) inf. n. فَىْءٌ, (TA,) means I took the spoil. (TK.) [See also 10.] 2 فيّأ الظِلَّ , and ↓ افآءهُ He (God) made the shade to return [in the afternoon]. (El-Khafájee, MF, TA.) -A2- قَيَّأَت said of a tree: see 1, near the end. ― -b2- Said of the wind, It put in motion the seed-produce, or standing corn, and the trees. (M, TA.) And, said of a woman, She put in motion her hair, from self-conceit, or vanity. (M, TA.) 4 أَفَأْتُهُ I made it to return. (O.) See also 2. ― -b2- [Hence,] one says, أَفَآءَ اللّٰهُ عَلَى المُسْلِمِينَ مَالَ الكُفَّارِ [God restored to the Muslims, as though it were theirs by right, or gave to them as spoil, the property, or wealth, of the unbelievers]; (S, O;) inf. n. إِِفَآءَةٌ. (S.) And أَفَآءَ اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِمُ الغَنَائِمَ [God restored, or gave, to them the spoils]. And أَفَآءَ عَلَى قَوْمٍ فَيْئًا He took for a party the spoil of another party and brought it to them: and he took for a party spoil that had been taken from them. (T, TA.) ― -b3- And أَفَأْتُ كَذَا I made such a thing to be a فَىْء [or spoil]. (TA.) ― -b4- And أَفَأْتُ فُلَانًا عَلَى الأَمْرِ I turned him to the thing, or affair, when he had desired another thing, or affair. (AZ, T.) -A2- See also 1, first sentence. 5 تَفَيَّأَتِ الظِّلَالُ : ― -b2- and تفيّأت الشَّجَرَةُ: see 1, near the end. ― -b3- تفيّأ فِيهِ means He shaded himself in it; i. e., in the shade termed فَىْء. (M.) One says, تَفَيَّأْتُ فِى فَىْءِ الشَّجَرَةِ [I shaded myself in the afternoon-shade of the tree]. (S, O.) And تفيّأ بِالشَّجَرَةِ [He shaded himself by means of the tree; or] he entered into the أَفْيَآء [or afternoon-shades] of the tree: (MA:) and [it is said that] تَفَيَّأْتُ الشَّجَرَةَ signifies I entered into the أَفْيَآء of the tree, and shaded myself thereby: (Har p. 500:) and Aboo-Temmám has made it trans. by itself [i. e. without a prep.] in his saying, “ فَتَفَيَّأْتُ ظِلَّهُ مَمْدُودًا” [as though meaning And I protected myself from the sun by its shade, when it was extended]: but [perhaps he has thus used the verb in the last of the senses here following, for] it is said that this is irregular. (TA.) ― -b4- [Hence] one says, تَفَيَّأْتُ بِفَيْئِكَ meaning (tropical:) I have had recourse to thee for protection. (A, TA.) ― -b5- تفيّأ is said of a branch or twig [as meaning It bent, in a languid manner]. (T, M, L, K, voce تَرَأَّدَ; &c.) And one says, تفيّأت لِزَوْجِهَا, meaning She bent herself over her husband, and affected languor, or languidness, to him, feigning coyness, or opposition, and threw herself upon him: (T, * TA:) from الفَىْءُ signifying “ the act of returning: ” and some say تقيّأت, with ق; but Az says that this is a mistake, and that it is correctly with ف (TA.) -A2- تفيّأ signifies also تَتَبَّعَ [He sought a thing time after time, or repeatedly, &c.]. (Har p. 500.) And one says, فُلَانٌ يَتَفَيَّأُ الأَخْبَارَ and ↓ يَسْتَفِيؤُهَا [app. meaning Such a one seeks after news, or tidings, time after time, or repeatedly, &c.]. (A, TA.) 10 استفآء He took as spoil. (S, M, * O, K.) One says, اِسْتَفَأْتُ هٰذَا المَالَ I took this property as spoil. (S, O.) ― -b2- See also 5. -A2- As intrans., see 1, first sentence. فَىْءٌ Afternoon-shade; shade after the declining of the sun from the meridian; (T, * S, O;) [i. e.] the فَىْء is what was sun, and has been annulled, or superseded, by shade; (M, K;) or that from which the sun has departed: so called because of its “ returning ” from side to side: (S, O: [see 1, first sentence:]) ISk says, (S, O,) the ظِلّ is what sun has annulled, or superseded; [correctly, what sun annuls, or supersedes; (see ظَلٌّ;)] and the فَىْء is what has annulled, or superseded, sun: (S, Mgh, O:) but AO says, on the authority of Ru-beh, that on which the sun has been and from which it has departed is فَىْء and ظِلّ; and that on which the sun has not been is ظِلّ: (S, O:) [see more under this latter word:] pl. [of pauc.] أَفْيَآءٌ and [of mult,] فُيُوْءٌ. (S, M, Mgh, O, Msb, K.) ― -b2- And Spoil, booty, or plunder; syn. غَنِيمَةٌ [q. v.]; (S, M, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) thus called, by the inf. n., because it returns from one party to another; (Msb;) and فَيٌّ in this sense is not allowable; (Mgh, Msb;) nor is it in the preceding sense: (Mgh:) or such as is obtained without difficulty: and therefore likened to shade. (MF.) And The [tax, or tribute, termed] خَرَاج [q. v.]: (S, O, K:) frequently occurring in trads. as meaning such, of the possessions of the unbelievers, as accrues to the Muslims without war: (TA:) or such as is obtained from the believers in a plurality of gods after the laying-down of arms: (A 'Obeyd, Mgh and Msb voce غَنِيمَةٌ:) or such as God has restored [as though it were theirs of right] to the people of his religion, of the possessions of those who have opposed them, without fighting, either by the latter's quitting their homes and leaving them vacant to the Muslims, or by their making peace on the condition of paying a poll-tax or other money or property to save themselves from slaughter: such is termed فَىْء in the Kur-án. (T. [See more under غَنِيمَةٌ.]) -A2- Also A flock of birds: (O, K:) [or a number of birds disposed in a row:] also termed عَرَقَةٌ and صَفٌّ. (O, TA.) -A3- يَا فَىْءَ, (M, O, K, in the CK [erroneously] يا فَىْءُ,) or, accord. to Ks, correctly يا فَىَّ [q. v.]. (M,) [Oh! or O my wonder?] an expression of regret, (M, O, K,) accord. to most, (TA,) or of wonder, (Ks, M, K, TA,) meaning يَا عَجَبِى. (Ks, M.) [See شَىْءٌ, last three sentences.] فِئَةٌ A [party, portion, division, or distinct body, of men, such as is termed] طَائِفَة: (S, O, K, TA:) or a company (Msb, TA) of soldiers who fight in the rear of an army, and to whom the latter has recourse in the case of fear or defeat: (TA:) or a company of men who [in war] have recourse, for aid, one to another: (Er-Rághib, TA:) a word having no proper sing.: (Msb, TA:) originally فِىْءٌ; (S, O, K;) the ة being substituted for the medial ى, which is dropped: (S, O:) or its original form is فِئْوٌ [or فِئْىٌ or فِئْوَةٌ or فِئْيِةٌ (see art. فأو and فأى）]; the final [radical] letter being that which is elided; for it is from فَأَوْتُ [or فَأَيْتُ] “ I divided; ” and فِئَةٌ is syn. with فِرْقَةٌ: (IB, L, TA:) pl. فِئَاتٌ and فِئُونَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) in which latter the و and ن are for the making good what is deficient [in the sing.]. (Msb.) فَيْئَةٌ : see 1, in four places. ― -b2- [Hence] ذُو فَيْئَةٍ a term applied to Date-stones (نَوَى التَّمْرِ) when they are hard: [because,] being given as fodder to cattle, and eaten by them, they pass forth as they were at first. (T, TA.) -A2- Also A time; syn. حِينٌ. (K.) One says, جَآءَهُ بَعْدَ فَيْئَةٍ He came to him after a time. (TA.) ― -b2- And The حِدَأَة [or kite], that seizes as its prey the chickens from the dwellings: (O:) or a certain bird resembling the eagle, (L, K,) which, when it fears the cold, migrates to El-Yemen. (L.) فِيْئَةٌ : see 1, first quarter, in four places. تَفِيْئَةٌ , (M and K in art. تفأ,) as also تَفِيَّةٌ, both mentioned by Lh, and the latter reckoned as a dial. var. of the former, (M in that art.,) and تَئِفَّةٌ and إِِفُّ and إِِفَّةٌ and أَفَّةٌ and إِِفَّانٌ and أَفَّانٌ, (see art. اف,)] The time of a thing: (M and K in art. تفأ:) one says, أَتَيْتُهُ عَلَى تَفِيئَةِ ذٰلِكَ I came to him at the time of that: (M in that art.:) and [by extension of the signification] one says, دَخَلَ عَلَى تَفِئَةِ فُلَانٍ meaning أَثَرِهِ [i. e. He entered near after such a one; as though treading in his footsteps]: (K in the present art.:) the ت in تَفِيْئَةٌ is an augmentative letter; the word being [originally] of the measure تَفْعِلَةٌ, but formed by transposition: Z says that the ت would not be augmentative if the composition of the word were as it is here, without transposition: that it is not of the measure تَفْعِلَةٌ from الفَىْءُ; for, if it were, it would be of the same measure as تَهْيِئَةٌ [i. e. it would be تَفْيِئَةٌ]; therefore, if not formed by transposition, it would be of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ [i. e. it would be from تفأ, as some hold it to be], because of the إِِعْلَال [or alteration for the sake of alleviating the sound, such as takes place in يَسِيرُ for يَسْيِرُ, which cannot be in a noun of the measure تَفْعِلَةٌ from a triliteral root like فيأ, whose medial radical is infirm], the last radical being hemzeh: but its formation by transposition from تَئِفَّةٌ [originally تَأْفِفَةٌ] to تَفِّئَةٌ, which is then changed to تَفِيْئَةٌ, as Z says in the “ Fáïk, ” is what determines the ت to be augmentative, and the [original] measure to be تَفْعِلَةٌ. (L and TA * in arts. تفأ and فيأ.) مُفَآءٌ A thing that has been made a فَىْء [or spoil, &c.]. (TA.) And A person whose country, or province, or town, has been conquered, and become a فَىْء to the Muslims. (IKt, O, TA.) It is in a trad. of some of those who have gone before, ↓ لَا يُؤَمَّرُ مُفَآءٌ عَلَى مُفِىْءٍ , meaning An emancipated slave shall not be made governor over an Arabian; (K, TA;) or, as in the Nh [and O] and L, لا يَلِيَنَّ [shall by no means rule]; (TA;) as though it were said, none of the people of the Sawád (which was conquered by force and became a فَىْء to the Muslims) shall rule over the Companions (O, TA) and their next successors. (TA.) مُفِىْءٌ A person who makes a thing [or a country or the like] to be a فَىْء. (TA.) See also مُفَآءٌ. مَفِيْئَةٌ : see the paragraph here following. مَفْيَأَةٌ : see the paragraph here following. مَفْيُؤَةٌ A place of فَىْء, i. e. of the shade thus termed; [a place of afternoon-shade;] (M, K;) as also ↓ مَفْيَأَةٌ ; (K;) and, as AAF says, on the authority of Th, ↓ مَفِيْئَةٌ ; (M, L, TA;) and so ↓ مَفْيُوْءَةٌ , like مَسْمُوعَةٌ [in measure]: (L, TA:) accord. to Lth, (TA,) مَفْيُؤَةٌ is syn. with مَقْنُؤَةٌ, (S, TA,) which signifies a place on which the sun does not come: so says Az; and he adds that it is probably correct, but that he had not heard it on any other authority than of Lth. (TA.) مَفْيُوْءٌ i. q. مَعْتُوهٌ [Idiotic, or an idiot, i. e. deficient, or wanting, in intellect; &c.]: so called from his keeping long [or much] in the shade. (M, TA.) مَفْيُوْءَةٌ : see مَفْيُؤَةٌ. Credit: Lane Lexicon