زل
1 زَلَلْتَ , [third pers. زَلَّ,] aor. تَزِلُّ; (S, K;) and زَلِلْتَ, [third pers. likewise زَلَّ,] aor. تَزَلُّ; (Fr, S, K;) inf. n. زَلِيلٌ, (Lh, S, K,) which is of the former verb, (S,) and زَلٌّ, (Lh, K,) also of the former verb, (Msb,) and زُلُولٌ and زِلِّيلَى [or, accord. to the S, this is a simple subst.,] and زِلِّيلَآءُ (Lh, K) and مَزِلَّةٌ, (K,) [all app. of the former verb,] and زَلَلٌ, (Fr, S, K,) which is of the latter verb; (Fr, S;) Thou slippedst (K) in mud, or in speech, (S, K,) or in judgment, or opinion, or in religion: (TA:) or you say, زَلَّ عَنْ مَكَانِهِ, aor. يَزِلُّ, inf. n. زَلٌّ [&c. as above]; and زَلَّ, aor. يَزَلُّ, inf. n. زَلَلٌ; the former verb of the class of ضَرَبَ; and the latter, of the class of تَعِبَ; meaning he, or it, moved away, or aside, [or slipped,] from his, or its, place: and زَلَّ فِى مَنْطِقِهِ, or فِعْلِهِ, aor. يَزِلُّ, like يَضْرِبُ, inf. n. زَلَّةٌ, he made a slip, or mistake, in his speech, or his action. (Msb.) فَإِِنْ زَلَلْتُمْ, in the Kur ii. 205, means But if ye turn away, or aside, from entering thereinto fully: (Jel:) this is the common reading: but some read زَلِلْتُمْ. (TA.) And you say, زَلَّ زَلَّةً He committed a slip in speech and the like. (TA.) Accord. to IAth, زَلِيلٌ signifies The passing of a body from one place to another: and ― -b2- hence it is metaphorically used in like manner in relation to a benefit: one says, زَلَّتْ مِنْهُ إِِلَى فُلَانٍ نِعْمَةٌ, inf. n. زَلِيلٌ, meaning (tropical:) A benefit passed, or was transferred, from him, (i. e. a benefactor,) to such a one. (TA.) ― -b3- زَلَّ, inf. n. زَلِيلٌ and زُلُولٌ, also signifies He (a man) passed along quickly: (ISh, K:) and زَلَّ, inf. n. زَلِيلٌ, he ran: and زَلِيلٌ, a light, or an agile, walking or pacing: (TA:) [and زَلَلٌ, mentioned above as an inf. n., seems to have the same, or a similar, signification:] a rájiz says, (S,) namely, Aboo-Mohammad El- Hadhlemee, (TA,) or Aboo-Mohammad ElFak'asee, (O,) “ إِِنَّ لَهَا فِى العَامِ ذِى الفُتُوقِوَزَلَلِ النِّيَّةِ وَالتَّصْفِيقِ
رِعْيَةَ مَوْلًى نَاصِحٍ شَفِيقِ
” (S in the present art., * and in art. صفق, * and art. فتق, but in this last with رَبٍّ in the place of مَوْلًى, and TA,) [i. e. Verily they have, in the year of little rain, (thus الفتوق, as here used, is expl. in the S in art. فتق,) and in the passing along lightly to the place which is the object of the journey, and in the being removed from a tract which they have depastured to a place in which is pasture, (thus التصفيق, as here used, is expl. in the S in art. صفق,) the tending of a master honest in his conduct, or desirous of their good, benevolent, or compassionate]: he is speaking of his camels: (S in art. فتق:) he means that they pass along lightly [so I render تَزِلُّ] from place to place in search of herbage: and النيّة means the place to which they purpose journeying. (S.) ― -b4- [Hence,] زَلَّ عُمُرُهُ (assumed tropical:) His life went, or passed, [or glided,] away. (K, TA.) ― -b5- زَلَّتِ الدَّرَاهِمُ, (S, Msb, * K,) aor. زَلِ3َ , (S, Msb,) inf. n. زُلُولٌ, (S, K,) or زَلِيلٌ, (Msb,) The dirhems, or pieces of money, poured out, or forth: (K:) or were, or became, deficient in weight. (S, Msb, * K.) ― -b6- زَلَّ, inf. n. زَلَلٌ, (K,) said of a man, (TA,) [and app. of a wolf, (see أَزَلُّ,)] He was, or became, light [of flesh] in the hips, or haunches: (K:) or زَلَلٌ signifies a woman's having little flesh in the posteriors and thighs. (S.) -A2- زَلَّ, aor. يَزِلُّ, accord. to analogy, as an intrans. v., from أَزْلَلْتُ إِِلَيْهِ meaning “ I gave to him ” of food &c., should signify He took, or received: and hence the saying of the lawyers, وَيَزِلُّ إِِنْ عَلِمَ الرِّضَى And he shall take, or receive, or the food [if he have knowledge of permission, or consent]. (Msb.) -A3- زُلَّ i. q. دُقِّقَ [app. as meaning He, or it, was made, or rendered, thin, or slender]. (IAar, TA.) 2 زَلَّ3َ see the next paragraph, near its end. 4 ازلّهُ , (K,) inf. n. إِِزْلَالٌ, (TA,) He, or it, made him, or caused him, to slip in mud, (K, TA,) or in speech, or in judgment, or opinion, or in religion; (TA;) and ↓ استزلّهُ signifies the same. (S, * MA, K, * PS. [But respecting this latter, see what follows.]) It is said in the Kur [ii. 34], فَأَزَلَّهُمَا الشَّيْطَانُ عَنْهَا [And the Devil made them, or caused them, both, to slip, or fall, from it, namely, Paradise (الجَنَّة）]; and one reading is أَزَالَمُهَا, i. e. removed them: or, as some say, it means caused them to commit a slip, or wrong action, in consequence of it [referring to the tree]: or, accord. to Th, caused them to slip in judgment. (TA.) And in the same, iii. 149, ↓ اسْتَزَلَّهُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ The Devil made them, or caused them, to slip: (Jel:) or, as some say, sought to make them commit a slip, or wrong action. (TA.) ― -b2- One says also, أَزَلَّ فُلَانًا إِِلَى القَوْمِ He sent forward such a one to the people, or party. (TA.) ― -b3- And أَزَلَّهُ عَنْ رَأْيِهِ He made him to turn from his opinion. (MA.) ― -b4- And as زَلِيلٌ signifies the “ passing ” of a body from one place to another, one says, speaking metaphorically, (IAth, TA,) أَزَلَّ إِِلَيْهِ نِعْمَةً (tropical:) He did to him a benefit: (S, IAth, K:) whence, (TA,) it is said in a trad., مَنْ أُزِلَّتْ إِِلَيْهِ نِعْمَةٌ فَلْيَشْكُرْهَا (assumed tropical:) He to whom a benefit is done [let him be grateful for it]. (A'Obeyd, S, * Mgh, Msb.) And أَزْلَلْتُ لَهُ زُلَّةً (assumed tropical:) I did to him a benefit: one should not say زللت [thus written, app. for ↓ زَلَّلْتُ : but see مُزَلِّلٌ]. (TA.) And أَزْلَلْتُ إِِلَيْهِ [alone] (assumed tropical:) I gave to him: or I did to him a benefit. (Msb.) And أَزْلَلْتُ إِِلَيْهِ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ وَغَيْرِهِ (assumed tropical:) I gave to him of the food and other things. (IKtt, TA.) And أَزَلَّ إِِلَيْهِ مِنْ حَقِّهِ شَيْئًا (assumed tropical:) He gave to him somewhat of his due. (S, K.) And أَزَلَّ عَنْهُ نِعْمَةً (assumed tropical:) He drew forth from him a benefit. (TA.) 10 إِِسْتَزْلَ3َ see 4, in two places. R. Q. 1 زَلْزَلَهُ , (S, * Msb, K, &c.,) inf. n. زَلْزَلَةٌ and زِلْزَالٌ and زَلْزَالٌ and زُلْزَالٌ, (K,) or the first of these is an inf. n. [by universal consent], (S,) and so is the second, but the third is a simple subst., (Zj, S, Msb,) though this and the fourth [which is the least known] have the authority of certain readings of passages of the Kur, namely, xcix. 1 for both of these, and xxxiii. 11 for the latter of them, (TA,) He put it, or him, into a state of motion, commotion, or agitation: (Msb, K, TA:) or into a state of convulsion, or violent motion. (Zj, TA.) You say, زَلْزَلَ اللّٰهُ الأَرْضَ [i. e. God made the earth to quake: or to quake violently:] (S:) [or] put the earth into a state of convulsion, or violent motion. (Zj, TA) And جَآءَ بِالإِِبِلِ يُزَلْزِلُهَا He came with, or brought, the camels, driving them with roughness, violence, or vehemence. (TA.) Some say that زَلْزَلَةٌ is from الزَّلَلُ فِى الرَّأْىِ [i. e. “ the making a slip in judgment, or opinion ”]: so when one says, زُلْزِلَ القَوْمُ the meaning is, The people, or party, were turned away from the right course, and fear was cast into their hearts. (TA.) It is said in a trad., اَللّٰهُمَّ اهْزِمِ الأَحْزَابَ وَزَلْزِلْهُمْ i. e. [O God, rout, defeat, or put to flight, the combined forces, and] make their state of affairs to be unsound, or unsettled. (TA.) Accord. to IAmb, أَصَابَتِ القَوْمَ زَلْزَلَةٌ means An affrighting befell the people, or party; from the saying in the Kur [ii. 210], وَزُلْزِلُوا حَتَّى يَقُولَ الرَّسُولُ i. e. And they were affrighted [so that the Apostle said]: (L, TA:) or were vehemently agitated. (Ksh, Bd.) ― -b2- مَا زَلْزَلْتُ قَطُّ مَآءً أَبْرَدَ مِنْ مَآءِ الثغوبِ [or الثَّغَبِ, as it is written in the explanation of this saying, the latter being app. the right reading], said by Aboo-Shembel, means I have not put into my throat, or fauces, ever, water slipping into it cooler than the water of the ثَغَب [or pool left by a torrent in the shade of a mountain]. (Az, TA.) R. Q. 2 تَزَلْزَلَ It was, or became, in a state of motion, commotion, agitation, convulsion, or violent motion. (Msb, TA.) You say, تَزَلْزَلَتِ الأَرْضُ (S, Msb, TA) The earth [quaked: or quaked violently:] was, or became, in a state of motion, commotion, &c.: (Msb:) the verb in this phrase [and in others] is quasi-pass. of R. Q. 1. (S, TA.) And تَزَلْزَلَتْ نَفْسُهُ His soul reciprocated in his chest at death. (TA.) زُلٌّ Slippery: (S:) a place in which one slips; (K;) and ↓ زَلَلٌ signifies the same; (S, K;) and ↓ زَلُولٌ [likewise, i. e.] a place in which the foot slips. (TA.) You say مَقَامٌ زُلٌّ and ↓ زَلَلٌ , and مَقَامَةٌ زُلٌّ and ↓ زَلَلٌ , [A standing-place] in which one slips. (K.) And زُحْلُوقَةٌ زُلٌّ and ↓ زَلَلٌ A slippery [sloping slide or rolling-place &c.]. (S.) [See also مَزِلَّةٌ.] زَلَّةٌ A slip (S, Msb, * K) in mud, or in speech; a subst. from 1 meaning as expl. in the first sentence of this art.; (S, K:) as also ↓ زِلِّيلَى : (S: [but this latter is mentioned by Lh and in the K as an inf. n.:]) a slip, or lapse; (K:) a fault, a wrong action, a mistake, or an error; (Msb, K;) or a sin, or crime; (K, * TA;) a fall into sin or crime. (Msb in art. عثر.) One says, زَلَّ الرَّجُلُ زَلَّةً قَبِيحَةً The man [made a foul slip; or] fell into the commission of a disapproved, or hateful, or foul, act; or committed an exorbitant, an abominable, or a foul, mistake: whence the trad., نَعُوذُ بِاللّٰهِ مِنْ زَلَّةِ العَالِمِ [We seek protection by God from the slip of the learned man]: and the well-known saying, زَلَّةٌ العَالِمِ زَلَّةُ العَالَمِ [The slip of the learned man is the slip of the world at large]. (TA.) ― -b2- A benefit, or good action; (Mgh, * K;) as also ↓ زُلَّةٌ : (K:) a gift. (Msb.) ― -b3- A feast, or repast, that is prepared for guests. (Lth, O, Msb.) One says, اِتَّخَذَ فُلَانٌ زَلَّةً [Such a one made, or prepared, a feast for guests]. (Lth, O, Msb.) Hence, (Lth, TA,) it is also a name for Food that is carried from the table of one's friend or relation: a word of the dial. of El-'Irák: (Lth, Msb, K:) or in this sense it is a vulgar word, (K, TA,) used by the common people of El-'Irák (TA.) And i. q. عُرْسٌ [as meaning A marriage-feast]. (ISh, Az, Msb, K.) So in the saying, كُنَّا فِى زَلَّةِ فُلَانٍ [We were at the marriage-feast of such a one]. (ISh, Az, Msb, TA.) زُلَّةٌ : see زَلَّةٌ. -A2- Also A straitened state of the breath [unless النَّفَسِ be a mistranscription for النَّفْس the soul, which I think not improbable]. (K.) زِلَّةٌ Stones: or smooth stones: (K:) pl. زِلَلٌ. (TA.) زَلَلٌ an inf. n. of 1, [q. v,] (Fr, S, Msb, K,) in two [or three] senses. (K.) -A2- See also زُلٌّ, in four places. -A3- Also A deficiency: so in the saying, فِى مِيزَانِهِ زَلَلٌ [In its weight is a deficiency]. (Lh, K.) زُلَالٌ A certain animal, of small, white body; which, when it dies, is put into water, and renders it cool, or cold: (TA:) [Golius describes it as a worm that is bred in snow; of which Aristotle speaks in his Hist. Animalium, l. ↓. 19; and he adds, on the authority of Dmr, that it is of the length of a finger, generally marked with yellow spots; and swelling in water such as is termed ماء الزلال.] ― -b2- Hence, [it is said to be] applied to water, as meaning Cool, or cold: (TA:) or, so applied, sweet: (S:) or sweet, clear, or limpid, pure, easy in its descent, that slips into the throat; as also ↓ زُلَازِلٌ : (TA:) or quick in its descent and passage in the throat, (K, * TA,) cool, or cold, sweet, clear, or limpid, easy in its descent; as also ↓ زَلِيلٌ and ↓ زَلُولٌ and ↓ زُلَازِلٌ . (K.) ― -b3- And Clear, as applied to anything. (TA.) زَلُولٌ : see زُلٌّ: ― -b2- and see also زُلَالٌ. زَلِيلٌ : see زُلَالٌ. ― -b2- Also [The kind of sweet food called] فَالُوذ [q. v.]. (Sgh, K.) زِلِّيَّةٌ , an arabicized word from the Pers. زِيلُو, (K in art. زلى, in the CK زَيْلُو, [“ a sort of woollen blanket, ”] A carpet; syn. بِسَاطٌ: (K in the present art.:) a certain sort of بُسُط [or carpets, said by Golius to be generally woollen and villous, but by Freytag to be woollen but not villous]: (Msb:) [in Johnson's Pers. Arab. and Engl. Dict. expl. as meaning a coverlet of woollen, without a pile, neither striped nor painted:] pl. زَلَالِىٌّ. (S, Msb, K.) زِلِّيلَى : see زَلَّةٌ. زَلْزِلٌ (S, K) and زَلْزَلٌ, and MF adds ↓ زُلَزِلٌ , (TA,) Household-goods; or utensils and furniture of a house or tent; (S, K;) as also زَلَزٌ. (Sh, TA.) زُلْزُلٌ Light, or agile; (TA;) as also ↓ أَزَلُّ : (IAar, TA:) the former applied as an epithet to a boy, or young man. (TA.) [See also زُلْزُولٌ.] ― -b2- And A skilful player on the drum. (Fr, K.) زُلَزِلٌ : see زَلْزِلٌ. زَلْزَلَةٌ : see what next follows. زَلْزَالٌ [Motion, commotion, agitation, convulsion, or violent motion; and particularly an earthquake, or a violent earthquake;] a subst. from R. Q. 1: (Zj, S, Msb:) or an inf. n. of R. Q. 1, as also زِلْزَالٌ and زُلْزَالٌ and ↓ زَلْزَلَةٌ [which last is often used as a simple subst., as such having for its pl. زَلَازِلُ, and is expl. in Jel xxii. 1 as signifying a violent earthquake]. (K.) زُلْزُولٌ Light, or active, (K, TA,) in spirit and body; (TA;) acute, sharp, or quick, in intellect; clever, or ingenious. (K, TA.) [See also زَلْزُلٌ.] -A2- Lightness, or activity. (K.) ― -b2- Conflict, or fight, and evil condition. (Sh, K.) One says, تَرَكْتُ القَوْمَ فِى زُلْزُولٍ وَعُلْعُولٍ (As, Sh) i. e. [I left the people, or party.] in conflict, or fight, and evil condition. (Sh, TA.) زَلَازِلُ [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned,] Difficulties; (S, TA;) and terrors, or causes of fear. (TA.) [See also زَلْزَالٌ.] زُلَازِلٌ : see زَُلَالٌ, in two places. زَالٌّ ذ Deficient in weight; applied to a dirhem, (S, Msb, K, TA,) and to a deenár: (TA:) pl. زَوَالٌّ, (Msb,) or زُلَّلٌ. (TA.) One says, مِنْ دَنَانِيرِكَ زِلَّلٌ وَمِنْهَا وُزَّنٌ [Of thy deenárs are such as are deficient in weight, and of them are such as are of full weight]. (TA.) أَزَلُّ Quick, or swift. (IAar, K.) ― -b2- See also زُلْزُلٌ. ― -b3- Also Light [of flesh] in the hips, or haunches: (AA, S, K:) and having little flesh in the posteriors and thighs; or having small buttocks sticking together; syn. أَرْسَحُ; (M, TA;) in the copies of the K, erroneously, أَشَجُّ: (TA:) or it signifies one who is more than أَرْسَح; (K, * TA;) whose waist-wrapper will not retain its hold: (TA:) fem. زَلَّآءُ, (S, K,) applied to a woman; i. q. رَسْحَآءُ: (S:) or having no buttock: pl. زُلٌّ. (TA.) السِّمْعُ الأَزَلُّ means The wolf that has little flesh in the rump and thighs, (الذِّئْبُ الأَرْسَحُ, S, in the K ذِئْبٌ أَرْسَحُ,) begotten between the wolf and the she-hyena; (S, K; [the words والخِفَّةُ والقِتالُ والشَّرُّ here immediately following in the CK should be erased; their proper place being in the second of the lines below in that edition, where they are again inserted; as observed by Freytag;]) and this epithet (الازلّ) is inseparable: (S:) or, accord. to IAth, الأَزَلُّ primarily signifies the small in the buttock: and as an epithet applied to the wolf, the light, or active; and it is said to be from زَلَّ signifying “ he ran. ” (TA.) It is said in a prov., هُوَ أَسْمَعُ مِنَ السِّمْعِ الأَزَلِّ [He is more quick of hearing than the سمع that is lean in the rump and thighs; or than the light, or active, سمع]. (S, TA.) ― -b4- قَوْسٌ زَلَّآءُ A bow from which the arrow slips, by reason of the rapidity with which it goes forth. (K.) إِِزِلْزِلْ [said by Freytag to be written in the CK زِلْزِلْ, but in my copy of that edition it is اِزِلْزِلْ,] is a word uttered on the occasion of the زَلْزَلَة, (so in copies of the K,) or on the occasions of زَلَازِل: (so in the TA:) [app. an ejaculation expressive of alarm, or of distress: the Turkish translator of the K thinks that it is originally أَزُلْزِلَ, contracted and altered in the vowels for the purpose of alleviating the utterance on account of the straitness of the time:] but IJ says that a word of four radical letters does not receive an augmentative like this as an initial; and holds it to be, as to the letter and the meaning, from الأَزْلُ [i. e. “ straitness, distress, ” &c.], and of the measure فِعِلْعِلْ. (TA.) مَزَلَّةٌ : see the next paragraph. [Its primary signification is probably A cause of slipping: compare مَبْخَلَةٌ and مَجْبَنَةٌ &c.] مَزِلَّةٌ and ↓ مَزَلَّةٌ , (S, Msb, K,) the former the more chaste, (Msb,) the latter mentioned by AA, (TA,) A slippery place; (S, Msb, K, TA;) such as a smooth rock, and the like; and such the صِرَاط is said to be. (TA.) [See also زُلٌّ.] -A2- The former is also an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (K.) مُزَلِّلٌ One who bestows many benefits (K, TA) and gifts. (TA.) Credit: Lane Lexicon