1
أَثِمَ , (Lth, S, M, &c.,) aor.
اَثَمَ , (Lth, M, Msb, K,) inf. n.
إِِثْمٌ, (S, K,) or
أَثَمٌ, the former being a simple subst., (Msb,) and
مَأْثَمٌ, (S, K,) He fell into what is termed
إِِثْمٌ [i. e. a sin, or crime, &c.]; (Lth, T, S, M,
Msb, * K *;) [he sinned; committed a sin, or crime;] he did
what was unlawful: (M, * K:) and ↓
تَأْثِيمٌ signifies the same as
إِِثْمٌ: (K:) it may be either an inf. n. of ↓
أَثَمَ , which [says ISd] I have not heard, or, as Sb holds it to
be, a simple subst. like
تَنْبِيتٌ: (M:) and is said to be used in the sense of
إِِثْم in the Kur lii. 23 [and lvi. 24]. (TA.) [It should be added
also, that ↓
تأْثَامٌ , like
تَكْذَابٌ, is syn. with
تأْثِيمٌ and
إِِثْمٌ; and, like
تأثيم, may be an inf. n. of ↓
أَثَّمَ , or a simple subst.: see an ex. voce
بَرُوقٌ.] In the dial. of some of the Arabs, the first letter of the
aor. is with kesr, as in
تِعْلَمُ and
نِعْلَمُ; and as the hemzeh in
إِِثْمٌ is with kesr, the radical hemzeh [in the aor.] is changed
into
ى; so that they say
إِِيثَمُ and
تِيثَمُ [for
آثَمُ and
تَأْثَمُ.] (TA.) In the saying, “
لَوْ
قُلْتَ
مَا
فِى
قَوْمَهَا
لَمْ
تِيثَمِ
يَفْضُلَهَا
فِى
حَسَبٍ
وَمِيسَمِ
” the meaning is, [Shouldst thou say, thou wouldst not sin, or do
wrong, in so saying,] There is not, among her people, any one who
excels her [in grounds of pretension to respect, and in impress, or
character, of beauty]. (M.) -A2-
أَثَمَهُ
اللّٰهُ
فِى
كَذَا, aor.
اَثُمَ (S, K) and
اَثِمَ , (S,) or
اَثَمَ , (K,) but there is no other authority than the K for this
last, nor is there any reason for it, as the medial radical letter is not
faucial, nor is the final, and in the Iktitáf el-Azáhir the aor. is said to be
اَثِمَ and
اَثُمَ , (MF, TA,) [God reckoned him to have sinned, or
committed a crime or the like, in such a thing; or] God reckoned
such a thing against him as an
إِِثْم: (S, K:) or
أَثَمَهُ, aor.
اَثِمَ (Fr, T, M, Msb) and
اَثُمَ , (Msb,) inf. n.
أَثْمٌ (Fr, T, Msb) and
أَثَامٌ (Fr, T, TA) and
إِِثَامٌ, (Fr, TA,) He (God) requited him, (Fr, T,) or
punished him, (M,) for what is termed
إِِثْمٌ [i. e. sin, or crime, &c.]: (Fr, T, M:) [see
also
أَثَامٌ below:] or he (a man) pronounced him to be
آثم [i. e. a sinner, or the like]: (Msb:) [or] ↓
آثَمَهُ , aor.
يَؤْثِمُهُ, has this last signification, said of God; and also
signifies He found him to be so. (T.) ― -b2- You say also,
أَثَمَتِ
النَّاقَةُ
المَشْىَ, aor.
اَثِمَ , inf. n.
أَثْمٌ, The she-camel was slow.
(M.) 2
أثّمهُ , (S, Msb, K,) inf. n.
تَأْثِيمٌ, (Msb, K,) He said to him
أَثِمْتَ [Thou hast fallen into a sin, or crime, &c.;
hast sinned, &c.]. (S, Msb, K.) -A2- See also 1, first and second
sentences. 4
آثمهُ
آثمه
آثمة He made him, or caused him, to fall into what is
termed
إِِثْمٌ [i. e. a sin, or crime, &c.], (Zj, S, M, K,) or
what is termed
ذَنْبٌ. (Msb.) ― -b2- See also 1, last sentence but one. 5
تأثّم He abstained from what is termed
إِِثْمٌ [i. e. sin, or crime, &c.]; (T, S, M, Msb, K;)
like
تَحَرَّجَ meaning “ he preserved himself from what is termed
حَرَجٌ: ” (Msb:) or he did a work, or deed, whereby he
escaped from what is termed
إِِثْمٌ: (TA:) and he repented of what is so termed, (M, K,)
and begged forgiveness of it; as though he removed the
إِِثْم itself by repentance and by begging forgiveness; or sought to
do so by those two means. (M.) You say also,
تأثّم
مِنْ
كَذَا He abstained from such a thing as a sin, or crime;
syn.
تَحَّنَثَ, q. v. (S, K, in art.
حنث.)
إِِثْمٌ
أثم
إِثم
اثم
آثم [accord. to some, an inf. n.; see
أَثِمَ: accord. to others, only a simple subst., signifying] A
sin, a crime, a fault, an offence, or an act of disobedience, syn.
ذَنْبٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) for which one deserves punishment;
differing from
ذَنْبٌ inasmuch as this signifies both what is intentional and what
is unintentional: (Kull:) or [so accord. to the M, but in the K “ and, ”]
an unlawful deed: (M, K:)
or a deed which retards from recompense: or, accord. to Fr,
what is exclusive of the [punishment termed]
حَدّ: accord. to Er-Rághib, it is a term of
more general import than
عُدَوانٌ: (TA:) ↓
مَأْثَمٌ [which is originally an inf. n. of
أَثِمَ] is syn. with
إِِثْمٌ; (T, * Mgh;) and so, too, is ↓
أَثَامٌ , (Msb,) or ↓
إِِثَامٌ , signifying
a deed retarding recompense: (TA:) the pl. of
إِِثْمٌ is
آثَامٌ: (M:) and the pl. of ↓
مَأْثَمٌ is
مَآثِمُ. (T.) ― -b2- [Sometimes it is prefixed to a noun or pronoun
denoting its object: ― -b3- and sometimes it means (assumed tropical:) The
punishment of a sin &c.: see explanations of a passage in the Kur v. 32,
voce
بَآءَ.] ― -b4- Wine: (Aboo-Bekr El-Iyádee, T, S, M, K:)
sometimes used in this sense; (S;) but tropically; not properly: (IAmb:) I
think, [says ISd,] because the drinking thereof is what is thus termed. (M.) ―
-b5- [And for a like reason,] (assumed tropical:) Contention for stakes,
or wagers, in a game of hazard; syn.
قِمَارٌ; (M, K;) which is a man's destruction of his property. (M.)
It is said in the Kur [ii. 216, respecting wine and the game called
المَيْسِر],
قُلْ
فِهِيمَا
إِِثْمٌ
كَبِيرٌ
وَ
مَنَافِعُ
لِلنَّاسِ [Say thou, In them both are great sin and means of
profit to men]: and Th says, when they contended in a game of this kind, and
won, they gave food and alms, and these were means of profit. (M.)
أَثَامٌ : see
إِِثْمٌ. ― -b2- Also The requital, or recompense, of
إِِثّم [i. e. sin, or crime, &c.]: (T, S, M, Msb:) so
says Zj, (T, M,) and in like manner say Kh and Sb: (T:) or punishment (Yoo,
Lth, T, M, K) thereof: (Lth, T, M:) and ↓
إِِثَامٌ and ↓
مَأْثَمٌ signify the same; (M, K;) the latter like
مَقْعَدٌ. (TA. [In the CK this is written
مَأثِم.]) So in the Kur [xxv. 68],
يَلْقَ
أَثَامَا [He shall find a requital, or recompense, or
a punishment, of sin]: (T, S, M:) in my opinion, [says ISd,] the correct
meaning is, he shall find the punishment of
آثَام [or sins]: but some say, the meaning is that which here
follows. (M.) ― -b3- A valley in Hell. (M, K.)
إِِثَامٌ
إِثم
اثام
آثام : see
إِِثْمٌ: ― -b2- and
أَثَامٌ.
أَثُومَّ : see
آثِمٌ; and
أَثِيمٌ.
أَثِيمٌ : see
آثِمٌ. ― -b2- Also A great, or
habitual, liar; or one who lies much; and so ↓
أَثُومٌ . (K.) So in the Kur ii. 277: or it
there signifies Burdened with
إِثْم [or sin, &c.]. (TA.) In the Kur xliv. 44, it means,
accord. to Fr, The unrighteous, or sinning; like ↓
آثِمٌ : (T:) or the unbeliever: (TA:) or, accord. to Zj,
in this instance, (M,) by the
اثيم is meant Aboo-Jahl. (M, K.) -A2- Also The commission
of
إِِثْم [sin, or crime, &c.,] much, or
frequently; and so ↓
أَثِيمَةٌ . (M, K.)
أَثِيمَةٌ : see
أَثِيمٌ.
أَثَامٌ : see
آثِمٌ.
آثِمٌ
آثم Falling into what is termed
إِِثمٌ [i. e. a sin, or crime, &c.]; (S, Msb, * K; *) [sinning;
committing a sin, or crime;] doing what is unlawful: (K:) and
in like manner, (S, Msb, K,) but having an intensive signification, (Msb,) ↓
أَثِيمٌ , and ↓
أَثُومٌ , (S, M, Msb, K,) and ↓
أَثَّامٌ : (M, Msb, K: [in the CK, erroneously, without teshdeed:])
the pl. of the first of these three is
أُثَمَآءُ; that of the second,
أُثُمٌ; and that of the third,
أَثَّامُونَ. (M.) See also
أَثِيمٌ. ― -b2-
آثِمَةٌ, (S,) and
آثِمَاتٌ, (S, M, K, [in the CK, erroneously,
اَثِماتٌ.]) A she-camel, (S,) and she-camels, slow, or
tardy; (S, M, K;) weary, fatigued, or jaded. (K. [In the CK,
we find
مُعِيْباتٌ erroneously put for
مُعْيِيَاتٌ.]) Some pronounce it with
ت. (Sgh.) [In like manner,] ↓
مُؤَاثِمٌ signifies That is slack, or slow, in pace,
or going;
اَلَّذِى
يَكْذِبُ
فِى
السَّيْرِ. (Sgh, K. [In Golius's Lex., as from the K,
اَلَّذِى
يُكَذِّبُ
السَّيْرَ. Both are correct, signifying the same.])
تَأْثَامٌ : see 1.
تَأْثِيمٌ : see 1.
مَأْثَمٌ : see
إِِثْمٌ, in two places: ― -b2- and see
أَثَامٌ.
مَأْثُومٌ [Reckoned to have sinned, or the like;]
having a thing reckoned against him as an
إِِثْم: (S:) or requited for what is termed
إِِثْمٌ. (Fr, T.)
مُوَاثِمٌ
مواثم : see
آثِمٌ. Credit:
Lane
Lexicon