| Convention | Fajr Angle | Isha Angle |
| University of Islamic Sciences, Karachi | 18 | 18 |
| Islamic Society of North America (ISNA) | 17.5 | 15 |
| Muslim World League (MWL) | 18 | 17 |
| Umm al-Qura, Makkah | 19* | According to their table it is 90 mins after Maghrib |
| Egyptian General Authority of Survey | 19.5* | * |
Above taken from here
There are no Deobandi Ulamah in the entire world today who disagree with 18 degrees (for Suhoor i.e. closing fast)
Two things that what I would like to do is present the names of Ulama past and present from the Deobandi school, since it is obvious that everyone else agrees with 18 degree criteria, including the Barelwi.
The other is the ruling they follow when astronomical twilight (True Dawn) doesnt occur ONLY for Fajr as Esha is not the issue!
Currently, it seems that Fajr time has been set to at the last time when astronomical twilight (True Dawn) occured and then carries on when the true dawn does apper, which seems to be the most accurate method. However there are those who will rightly say that Fajr doesnt start during these summuer months of mid May to mid July
I appreciate that this has been discussed many times before, but there is no final say on this with a unanimous decision.
The Angles made clear
The Qur’aan has declared the time of Subh Sadiq:
"Eat and drink until the white thread of dawn becomes distinct to you from the black thread". (Al Baqarah 2:187)
THE WHITE THREAD APPEARS AT TRUE DAWN. WHICH IS AT 18 DEGREES, ALSO KNOWN AS ASTRONOMICAL TWILIGHT.
The time for Subh Sadiq is at the crack of dawn or the first speck of light on the eastern horizon, after which darkness ends and the light of morning spreads. The majority of the Fuqaha/Jurists have preferred the crack of dawn to be the time of Subh Sadiq. The fatwa given in the Hanafi Madhab is also on this opinion. (Fataawa Shaami 1:357)
All the scholars of the past and present have practised this opinion. And this, in scientific terms is known as Astronomical Twilight.
It was the noble practise of our Prophet (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) that two Adhans were often given in his beloved Masjidun-Nabawi (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam):
- Adhan of Sayyidina Bilal (RA) which was EARLY
- Adhan of Sayyidina Ibn Umm Maktoom (RA) which was TRUE DAWN
Sayyidina 'Abdullah Ibn Mas'ud (RA) reported that the Messenger of Allah (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) had said: Bilal (RA) would pronounce Adhan (at the end of the night in order to inform the people about the time of the Suhoor). So you eat and drink till you hear the Adhan of Sayyidina Ibn Umm Maktum (which was pronounced at the conclusion of the Suhoor and the commencement of the fast) [Muslim]
Sayyidina Ibn Umm Maktum (RA) was BLIND so there is no way he could have checked whether true dawn had arrived or not so he must have been informed. So the lesson in this is our dear and beloved Sayyidina Rasul-ullah (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) and Sahaba (RA) observed and then informed him (so there is no chance of error) and THEN it was communicated to him and THEN he carried out the Adhan.
Even appointing a Blind Sahabi (RA) for a job is full of wisdom because the roles could have been reversed and Sayyidina Ibn Umm Maktum (RA) to call the first Adhan (people keep eating) and Sayyidina Bilal (RA) to call the second Adhan for people to STOP!
Samura bin Jundub (RA)reported Allah's Messenger (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) as saying: The Adhan of Bilal should not mislead you nor the whiteness (of the pillar) of dawn, for it is not the whiteness of the true dawn, but that of the false dawn which is vertical like a pillar and you can eat food till the streaks of whiteness spread like it. [Muslim]
Conclusion of eating after Adhan?
The Authentic Hadeeth of Saheeh Muslim categorically proves that a person CANNOT eat after Adhan of TRUE DAWN but if its not the Adhan of TRUE DAWN then the person can eat. Today we dont have an Adhan for before True Dawn.
Various institutes that are referred to for the Fajr times currently in use in many countries consider 18 degrees as the minimum degree for calculating Fajr time. For example, Muslim World League (MWL), Umm al-Qura, Makkah, and the University of Islamic Sciences, Karachi.
False Dawn:
