The only Puzzle of the created Realm:
How to eradicate or lessen the Grief of the elevated Messenger Muhammad Sal'lallaa'hoalaih'wa'salam
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Thereby, because of information about human psyche that in affluence he falls into exultation and pride [11:9-11], you the Messenger [Sal'lallaa'hoalaih'wa'salam] might anticipate him as abandoner of some content of revelation which is verbally communicated to you.
Take note, [We are aware] your chest feels constricted by the idea:
That they the affluent elite might say to people: "Why treasures have not been sent to him;
Or why an Angel has not come accompanying him [to act along with him as admonisher]".
These propositions are not worth worrying since you the Messenger [Sal'lallaa'hoalaih'wa'salam] have only the assignment to inform, awaken and alert people to become cautious, aware and alarmed;
And Allah the Exalted is upon every matter the Guardian, Protector, and Disposer. [11:12]
O the Messenger! Do they keep saying to people, "He: Muhammad [Sal'lallaa'hoalaih'wa'salam] has drafted, compiled it: Qur'aan with his own effort, perception, knowledge, understanding?"
You the Messenger [Sal'lallaa'hoalaih'wa'salam] ask them: "If you really suspect that it the Qur'aan is personally authored and compiled by me, thereby, the best course to prove it is that you produce ten Suras: Segments/Chapters which are personally authored in semblance of it the Qur'aan.
And for the needful, you invite-get help of all your friends-helpers-lawyers you have access to other than Allah the Exalted;
Try it, if you were truthful in your assertion about authorship of Qur'aan." [11:13]
The Ayah begins with prefixed conjunction particle " فَ " . Lexicographers and grammarians say about it: "A prefixed inseparable particle having conjunctive power. A particle of classification or gradation which sometimes unites single words, indicating that the objects enumerated immediately succeed or are closely behind one another; but more usually connects two clauses, showing either that the latter is immediately subsequent to the former in time, or that it is connected with it by some internal link, such as that of cause and effect. It implies a close connection between the sentences before and after it."
It is thus explicitly understood that the sentence after the conjunction particle is the clause of what is stated before in Ayah 9-11. Therefore, it must be read in conjunction with the information disclosed earlier about the psyche of human beings.
Conjunction particle is
prefixed with:
It is Verb-like particle
with its suffixed noun which is second person masculine singular pronoun
denoting the addressee, elevated Messenger Muhammad Sal'lallaa'hoalaih'wa'salam.
:
Verb-like particle
is one of the
"Sisters" of
.
1. It changes the grammatical case of the subject from nominative to accusative; and that of predicate to nominative.
2. Like
, it may start a nominal sentence
as well as a clause. If it is followed by a verbal sentence, the subject
of the verb must reduplicate itself in the form of a pronoun prefix
to
;
some examples:
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;
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;
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:
the pronoun suffixed to verb-like particle is also present in the
following verbal sentence, its predicate.
3) This particle has mostly the implication of expectation, anticipation, probability.
4) It has occurred 129 times; 126 times
suffixed with a pronoun, and three times without suffixed pronoun which
apparently also shows its role as verb-like particle by the presence of
following accusative noun:
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[33:63;42:17];
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[65:01]
It is strange that the foremost Christian translators of Qur'aan, George Sale and John Rodwell recognized it as elementary sentence [الجملة ابتدائية] avoiding noticing the relationship of the Ayah beginning with cause and effect and logical sequence particle " فَ " with the information disclosed before it. What is anticipated here about people's conduct is because of the preceding information about people.
George Sale: Peradventure thou wilt omit to publish part of that which hath been revealed unto thee, and thy breast will become straitened, lest they say, unless a treasure be sent down unto him, or an angel come with him, to bear witness unto him, we will not believe. Verily thou art a preacher only; and God is the governor of all things.
John Rodwell: Perhaps thou wilt suppress a part of what hath been revealed to thee, and wilt be distress at heart lest they say, "If a treasure be not sent down to him, or an angel come with him. . . " But thou art only a warner, and God hath all things in his charge.
Even if we are not familiar with morphology and syntax of Arabic, we can detect the erroneousness of above two translation. Kindly peruse their translation critically; you will explicitly notice in their sentences vagueness and incoherence. Their sentences make no sense at all. What is anticipated in the red part has no relevance to the sentence which I have coloured blue in their above translation.
It is unfortunate that the translations and exegeses of Grand Qur'aan are perhaps the worst example of plagiarism in human history of writings. All later translators of different languages reproduced what Sale and Rodwell had written. It seems as if none had the time to see the syntactic structuring and dependencies of various elements in the sentence and to cross reference in Qur'aan where the same proposition is discussed.
The verb-like
particle:
with suffixed second person masculine
pronoun referring the elevated Messenger Sal'lallaa'hoalaih'wa'salam
is used three times with regard to the
response of people about Grand Qur'aan:
Thereby, because of information about human psyche that in affluence he falls into exultation and pride [11:9-11], you the Messenger [Sal'lallaa'hoalaih'wa'salam] might anticipate him as abandoner of some content of revelation which is verbally communicated to you. [11:12]
Thereby, you the Messenger will perhaps be exerting too much of yourself in pursuing them for positive result upon their visible poor response:
Should they not accept-believe in this Hadith: Informative Discourse: Grand Qur'aan; for reason of feeling dismal grief. [18:06]
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You the Messenger will perhaps be exerting too much of yourself considering because otherwise they might not heartily become believers of it: Grand Qur'aan. [26:03]
Verb like particle:
expresses
the meanings of hope, expectation, anticipation, likelihood, or
probability, which could be of either import, good or bad; thereby it
includes apprehension: feel of anxiety that something bad will happen.
It is thus evident that a cause must be present that will lead to some
expectation, anticipation, likelihood or apprehension of some happening
in future.
The peculiarity of this verb-like particle is that it happens at that point in time when something has already happened or disclosed-made known whereat a person starts expecting or anticipating the possibility of happening of another thing as its effect, outcome. Kindly peruse all the 126 Ayahs where this Verb-like particle has occurred 129 times in Grand Qur'aan; you will persistently see this proposition as the basics of it.
In aforementioned three Ayahs the verb-like particle is not followed by a verb as Predicate. The verb-like particle suffixed with second person singular masculine pronoun is followed by an indefinite Active Participle in the nominal sentence of all the above three Ayahs as Predicate. One of the unique feature of an Active participle is that it has a verbal quality. It signifies that it has the same meaning as the Active Voice Verb and can govern words in the same manner as a verb governs in a sentence. When it is not prefixed by the definite article it can only be interpreted in the present or future-tense.
We earlier noticed the verdict of lexicographers and grammarians that whenever this verb-like particle is suffixed with a pronoun, the subject of the following verb must reduplicate itself in the form of a pronoun which is suffixed to particle. This shows that the element of expectation, apprehension is not of the addressee or the person/s referred by the suffixed pronoun but that of the speaker.
It is evident in the sentence:
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that it is the expectation of the Speaker about the addressee that he
will act affecting his own self. Further, it is clarified why would he
act like that:
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:
because of consideration that the people might not become believers
without having done the expected act.
:
It is Active Participle from Root: "
ب خ ع".
Lane's Lexicon describes its primary
signification and use
is to denote the doing anything to a great extent, in a great degree,
egregiously, or with much or extraordinary effectiveness or energy or the like.
Quoting this Ayah, Lane further said: "These words imply an incitement to abstain from regret."
Allah the
Exalted expressed this possibility of excessive effort by the elevated Messenger
Sal'lallaa'hoalaih'wa'salam,
he taking pains of great exertion; and has disclosed by the Causative Adverb:
the
cause of exaggerated effort is his sadness and grief emanating from the
consideration that people would not believe in the Grand Qur'aan.
In the Ayah under discussion, the cause of the apprehension is not mentioned. An information is given before the Particle " فَ " that people on attaining prosperity tend to become exulted boisterous boaster. What is mentioned afterwards is the apprehension of the addressee of Ayah, the elevated Messenger Sal'lallaa'hoalaih'wa'salam that sequel to attaining a wealthy position a person might abandon some of the Qur'aan.
Allah the Exalted then commented on this
unwarranted worry of the elevated Messenger by reminding him:
:
You the Messenger
[Sal'lallaa'hoalaih'wa'salam] have
only the assignment to inform, awaken and alert people to become
cautious, aware and alarmed.