قوت

1 قَاتَ  , (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) aor. يَقُوتُ, (S, O, Msb,) inf. n. قَوْتٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and قُوتٌ (Sb, K) and قِيَاتَةٌ, (S, O, K,) the last originally قِوَاتَةٌ, (O,) He fed, nourished, or sustained, (S, Msb, TA,) or fed with what would sustain the body, (S, O, K, * TA,) [or with food sufficient to sustain life,] or with a small supply of the means of subsistence, (TA,) him, (Msb, TA,) or them, (K, TA,) or his family; (S, O;) he gave him [or them] what is termed قُوت [q. v.]: (Msb:) and ↓ اقاتهُ signifies [in like manner] he gave him his قُوت. (TA.) It is said in a trad., كَفَى بِالمَرْءِ إِِثْمًا أَنْ يُضَيِّعَ مَنْ يَقُوتُ i. e. [It suffices the man as a sin, or crime, that he destroy] him whom he is bound to sustain, of his family and household and slaves: or, as some relate it, ↓ مَنْ يُقِيتُهُ ; using a dial. var. [of يقوت]. (TA.) [And لَهُ ↓ اقتات app. signifies, primarily, He supplied to him food. (See this verb below, near the end of the paragraph.)] -A2- And قَاتَ and ↓ قوّت and ↓ اقات and ↓ أَقْوَتَ [sometimes] signify He straitened his household, by reason of niggardliness or poverty. (TA in art. زنق.) -A3- قُوتُوا طَعَامَكُمْ يُبَارِكْ لَكُمْ فِيهِ, a trad., thus related by some, by others ↓ قُوِّتُوا , [loosely expl. in the TA,] means, accord. to some, Measure ye your corn, [and] He will bless you in it: or, accord. to others, make ye small round cakes (أَقْرَاص) of your corn, &c. (El-Jámi' es-Sagheer, and scholia thereon.) -A4- See also 8, in the middle of the paragraph.

2 قَوَّتَ see the preceding paragraph, in two places.

4 اقاتهُ  : see 1, first and second sentences. ― -b2- Also He kept, preserved, guarded, or protected, him. (TA.) -A2- And اقات عَلَى الشَّىْءِ, (S, O, K, *) and اقاته, (K,) He had power, or ability, to do, effect, accomplish, attain, or compass, the thing. (S, O, K.) -A3- See, again, 1, latter half, in two places.

5 فُلَانٌ يَتَقَوَّتُ بِكَذَا  [Such a one feeds, nourishes, or sustains, himself with such a thing], (S, O,) or بِالقَلِيلِ [with that which is little]: (Msb:) or تقّوت بِالشَّىْءِ he made the thing his قُوت [or food]; and بِهِ ↓ اقتات and ↓ اقتاتهُ signify thus likewise: (TA:) or بِهِ ↓ اقتات signifies he ate it; (Msb;) and so does ↓ اقتاتهُ . (TA.) 8 اقتات  signifies He was, or became, fed, nourished, or sustained; being quasi-pass. of قَاتَ signifying as expl. in the beginning of this art. (S, A, Mgh, O, K, TA.) ― -b2- And it is trans. by means of بِ, and by itself: see 5, in four places. One says, هُمْ يَقْتَاتُونَ الحَبَّ [They feed upon, or eat, grain]. (A.) ― -b3- The saying, of Tufeyl, “ يَقْتَاتُ فَضْلَ سَنَامِهَا الرَّحْلُ
” is held by ISd to mean, (assumed tropical:) The saddle [as it were] eats the remainder of her hump, [as though] making it to be food for itself: accord. to IAar, he says, the meaning is, takes it away thing after thing [or piecemeal]; but I have not heard this [meaning] in any other instance: hence, says IAar, the oath sworn one day by El-'Okeylee, [said in the A to be an oath of the Arabs of the desert,] نَفْسِى البَصِيرِ مَا فَعَلْتُ ↓ لَا وَقَائِتِ , for, he says, الاِقْتِيَاتُ [the inf. n. of اقتات] and القَوْتُ [inf. n. of ↓ قَاتَ ] are one [in signification]; and AM says that the meaning of this is, [No, by] Him who takes my spirit, breath after breath, until He has taken it wholly, [the All-seeing, I did not that thing:] and the saying of Tufeyl means the saddle, while I am riding upon it, takes by little and little the fat of her hump until there remains not of it aught. (TA.) ― -b4- One says also, الحَرْبُ تَقْتَاتُ الإِِبِلَ (tropical:) [War makes the camels to be food]; meaning that [in consequence of war] the camels are given in payment of bloodwits. (A.) ― -b5- And فُلَانٌ يَقْتَاتُ الكَلَامَ (tropical:) Such a one retrenches, or curtails, speech, or talk; [said of one who speaks, or talks, little;] syn. يُقِلُّهُ. (A.) -A2- See also 1, latter half. [Hence,] one says, ↓ اِقْتَتْ لِنَارِكَ قِيتَةً (assumed tropical:) [Supply to thy fire ali- ment;] feed thy fire with fuel. (S, O, K.) And ↓ اِقْتَتْ لِلنَّارِ نَفْخَكَ قِيتَةً , and اُنْفُخْ فِى النَّارِ نَفْخًا ↓ قُوتًا , (assumed tropical:) Blow thou the fire with thy blowing, and with a blowing, gently and little [as an aliment]. (L.) 10 استقاتهُ  He asked of him قُوت [i. e. food, or victuals]. (S, A, O, K.) [ قَاتٌ  A species of tree, of the class Pentandria, order Monogynia, of the Linnæan system; belonging to the natural order of Celastraceæ; mentioned in botanical works under the name of Catha edulis; and fully described by Forskål in his Flora Ægypt. Arab., pp. 63, 64; in the latter page of which he says: “ In Yemen colitur iisdem hortis cum Coffea. Stipitibus plantatur. Arabes folia viridia avide edunt, multum eorum vires venditantes, qui copiosius comederit, vel totam vigilet noctem: asseverant quoque pestem ea loca non intrare ubi hæc colitur arbor: ” &c. ― -b2- And in the same work, p. cxviii., Forskål mentions قات الرعيان (by which is meant قَاتُ الرُّعْيَانِ) as the name of A species of lettuce, lactuca inermis. ― -b3- Respecting the former plant, see also De Sacy's Chrest. Arabe, sec. ed., i. 462, 463.] قُوت  Food, aliment, nutriment, victuals, or provisions, by means of which the body of man is sustained; (S, A, * O, K; *) as also ↓ قِيتٌ and ↓ قِيتَةٌ , (S, O, K,) as used in phrases here following, (S, O,) with kesr to the ق, and the و changed into ى, (S,) and ↓ قَائِتٌ and ↓ قُوَاتٌ , (K,) the last mentioned, but not expl., by Lh, and thought by ISd to be from قُوتٌ: (TA:) what is eaten for the purpose of retaining the remains of life; (A, * O, * Msb, TA; *) thus expl. by Az and IF: (Msb:) or food sufficient to sustain life: (TA:) pl. أَقْوَاتٌ. (Msb, TA.) One says, مَا عِنْدَهُ قُوتُ لَيْلَةٍ and لَيْلَةٍ ↓ قِيتُ and لَيْلَةٍ ↓ قِيتَةُ (S, O, TA) He has not a night's food sufficient to sustain life. (TA.) And ↓ جَدُّ امْرِئٍ فِى قَائِتِهِ , a prov., meaning A man's lot in life is manifest in his food. (Meyd.) ― -b2- See also 8, last sentence. قِيتٌ  : see قُوتٌ, in two places. قِيتَةٌ ذ : see قُوتٌ, in two places: ― -b2- and see also 8, last two sentences. قُوَاتٌ  : see قُوتٌ, first sentence. قَائِتٌ  [act. part. n. of قَاتَ; Feeding, &c. ― -b2- And hence, Sufficing]. القَائِتُ مِنَ العَيْشِ means What is sufficient [of the means of subsistence]. (K.) And one says, هُوَ فِى قَائِتٍ مِنَ العَيْشِ He is in a state of sufficiency [in respect of the means of subsistence]. (S. O.) ― -b3- See also قُوتٌ, in two places. -A2- See also 8, former half. ― -b2- القَائِتُ is an appellation of The lion. (O, K.) مُقِيتٌ  [Giving, or a giver of, food, nourishment, or sustenance. (See 1, first sentence.) ― -b2- And hence,] Keeping, preserving, guarding, or protecting; or a keeper, &c.; syn. حَافِظٌ [as signifying thus; and app. as signifying also watching; or a watcher]: (S, A, O, Msb, K:) and witnessing; or a witness; syn. شَاهِدٌ; (S, O, Msb, K;) or شَهِيدٌ: (A:) and AO says that it signifies, with the Arabs, one acquainted (مَوْقُوفٌ) with a thing (عَلَى شَىْءٍ). (TA.) Th cites the following verses (of Es-Semow'al Ibn-Ádiyà, O): “ لَيْتَ شِعْرِى وَأَشْعُرَنَّ إِِذَا مَا
قَرَّبُوهَا مَنْشُورَةً وَدُعِيتُ
أَلِىَ الفَضْلُ أَمْ عَلَىَّ إِِذَا حُو
سِبْتُ إِِنِّى عَلَى الحِسَابِ مُقِيتُ
” [meaning Would that I knew, but I shall assuredly know when they shall have set it (namely, the صَحِيفَة, or record, of my actions,) near, unfolded, and I am summoned, whether superiority be for me or against me when I am reckoned with: verily I shall be a watcher, or a witness, of the reckoning, or, accord. to some, as is said in the TA, acquainted with the reckoning]: i. e. I shall know what evil I have done; for [as is said in the Kur lxxv. 14] man shall be a witness against himself: (S, O, TA:) IB says that, accord. to Seer, the correct reading is, رَبِّى على الحساب مقيت [meaning my Lord is able to make the reckoning] because he who is submissive to his Lord does not describe himself by this epithet: but IB adds that Seer has founded this remark upon the assumption that مقيت is here used as meaning مُقْتَدِرٌ; and that if it be understood as syn. with حَافِظٌ and شَاهِدٌ, the former reading is not objectionable. (TA.) ― -b3- المُقِيتُ is one of the best names of God: (TA:) and [as such] signifies The Possessor of power; (Fr, Zj, S, O, Msb, K, TA;) as He who gives to every man his قُوت [or food], (F, S, O, K, TA,) and likewise to everything: (TA:) or (as one of those names, TA) the Preserver, or Protector, (Zj, TA,) who gives to everything such preservation, or protection, as is needful. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [iv. 87], وَكَانَ اللّٰهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ مُقِيتًا, (S, O,) meaning [For God is] a possessor of power [over everything, or is omnipotent], (Ksh, Bd, Jel,) so He will requite everyone for what he has done: (Jel:) or a witness, [and] a preserver, or protector, or watcher. (Ksh, Bd.) Credit: Lane Lexicon